Leonid Vitalievich Kantorovich

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Leonid Kantorowitsch (1975)

Leonid Kantorovich ( Russian Леонид Витальевич Канторович * 6 . Jul / 19th January  1912 greg. In Saint Petersburg , † 7. April 1986 in Moscow ) was a Soviet mathematician and economist. In 1975 he was awarded the so-called Nobel Prize for Economics . He shared this with Tjalling Koopmans for her contribution to the theory of optimal use of resources.

Life

Kantorovich studied 1926-1930 mathematics at the Leningrad State University , where he among others, Vladimir Ivanovich Smirnov , Gregory Mikhailovich spruce and Boris Delaunay studied and received his doctorate 1930th In 1934 he became a professor of mathematics at the Leningrad State University, where he taught until 1960. He received his Soviet doctoral degree (corresponding to his habilitation ) in 1935 when academic degrees were reintroduced in the Soviet Union. At first he dealt with the theory of analytical sets and solved some of Lusin's problems . In the 1930s he dealt a lot with functional analysis (especially semi-structured rooms, about which he and colleagues wrote a book in 1950) and in doing so he built bridges to numerical mathematics . In 1936, his book on approximation methods of higher analysis with Wladimir Iwanowitsch Krylow (1902-1994) appeared (which was published in 1956 as volume 19 in the series university books for mathematics in the Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin) and in 1959 his book functional analysis in standardized spaces with Gleb Pavlovich Akilow . During the Second World War he taught as a professor at the Leningrad Military Engineering University , and from 1944 he worked at the Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Leningrad, where he headed the approximate methods department. It was then that he also began to be interested in the computers that were emerging at the time, and in this context he was also involved in secret research in nuclear technology. From 1961 to 1971 he was professor of mathematics and economics at the Siberian Department of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in Novosibirsk and from 1971 to 1976 director of the research laboratory of the Moscow Institute for National Economic Planning.

Kantorowitsch was entrusted with the task of optimizing the production of a veneer wood factory in the 1930s and developed a mathematical method known as linear programming . He wrote several books - including The mathematical method of production planning and organization and the best use of economic resources ( The Mathematical Method of Production Planning and Organization and The Best Uses of Economic Resources ).

Kantorowitsch had been married to a doctor since 1938 and had a son and a daughter.

In 1958 he became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. In 1965 he received the Lenin Prize . In 1969 Kantorowitsch was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . The Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1984 .

The Russian Academy of Sciences has been awarding the LW Kantorowitsch Prize ("Premija imeni LW Kantorowitscha") since 1996 . The Institute for Corporate Research and Management at MLU has been awarding the “ LV Kantorovič Research Prize ” since 2000 .

Trivia

His long name resulted in the production of the Nobel Prize - Medals in 1975 to problems, since the name of the winner is traditionally stamped on the edge. Only after changing the font size was there enough space for the full name.

Fonts

  • with GM spruce wood: line and multiple integrals (Russian), Leningrad-Moscow, GIRT, 1937
  • Integrals and Fourier series (Russian), LGU, Leningrad 1940
  • with GP Akilow: functional analysis in standardized spaces, Akademie Verlag 1978
  • with GP Akilow: Functional Analysis, 2nd edition, Pergamon Press 1982
  • Tables for the numerical solution of boundary value problems: Of the theory of harmonic functions, Ungar 1963
  • with Wladimir Iwanowitsch Krylow: Approximate methods of higher analysis, Interscience 1958, 1964
    • German edition: Approximation methods of higher analysis, university books for mathematics, Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1956
  • The best uses of economic resources, Harvard University Press 1965
  • Essays on optimal planing, International Arts and Sciences Press 1976

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Book of Members ( PDF ). Retrieved April 18, 2016
  2. ^ LW Kantorowitsch Prize on the website of the Russian Academy of Sciences
  3. ↑ LV Kantorovič Research Award on the Martin Luther University website

Web links

Commons : Leonid Witaljewitsch Kantorowitsch  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Kantorowitsch, Leonid Witaljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Канторович, Леонид Витальевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet mathematician and economist (Nobel Prize Winner in Economics)
DATE OF BIRTH January 19, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH April 7, 1986
Place of death Moscow