List of winners of the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics
The Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics ( Swedish: Sveriges Riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne ), donated by the Swedish Reichsbank , is the most prestigious prize in economics and is awarded annually. Since it is awarded together with the Nobel Prizes and is endowed with the same prize money, it is generally referred to as the Nobel Prize for Economics .
It was awarded for the first time in 1969. It differs from the Nobel Prizes in that it was not donated by Alfred Nobel , but subsequently by the Swedish Reichsbank in 1968 on the occasion of its 300th anniversary. So it is not a Nobel Prize in the original sense, but an honor that is awarded in memory of Alfred Nobel according to the same criteria.
List of award winners
This list provides a chronological overview of the recipients of the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics. The category winners of the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics offers an alphabetical overview .
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1969-1980 · 1981-1990 · 1991 to 2000 · 2001-2010 · 2011-2020 · Statistics |
1969-1980
| year | Person or institution | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
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| 1969 |
Ragnar AK Frisch (1895–1973) |
 Norway
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"For the development and application of dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes" |
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Jan Tinbergen (1903-1994) |
 Netherlands
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| 1970 |
Paul A. Samuelson (1915-2009) |
 United States
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"For the scientific work through which he developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economics" |
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| 1971 |
Simon Smith Kuznets (1901–1985) |
United States (born in Russia )
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"For his experience-based explanations of economic growth, which led to new and deeper insights into economic and social structures and development processes" |
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| 1972 |
John R. Hicks (1904-1989) |
 United Kingdom
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"For her pioneering work on the general theory of economic equilibrium and welfare theory " |
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Kenneth Arrow (1921-2017) |
United States
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| 1973 |
Wassily Leontief (1905-1999) |
United States (born in Munich , Germany )
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"For the elaboration of the input-output method as well as for its application to important economic problems" |
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| 1974 |
Gunnar Myrdal (1898-1987) |
 Sweden
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"For her pioneering work in the field of monetary and business cycle theory and her profound analyzes of the mutual dependence of economic, social and institutional conditions" |
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Friedrich Hayek (1899–1992) |
United Kingdom (born in Vienna , Austria )
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| 1975 |
Leonid W. Kantorowitsch (1912–1986) |
 Soviet Union
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"For their contribution to the theory of the optimal use of resources" |
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Tjalling C. Koopmans (1910–1985) |
United States (born in 's-Graveland , Netherlands )
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| 1976 |
Milton Friedman (1912-2006) |
United States
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"For his contribution to consumption analysis , monetary history and theory as well as his clarification of the complexity of the stabilization policy" |
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| 1977 |
Bertil Ohlin (1899–1979) |
Sweden
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"For her pioneering work in the field of the theory of international trade and the international movement of capital" |
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James Edward Meade (1907-1995) |
United Kingdom
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| 1978 |
Herbert A. Simon (1916-2001) |
United States
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"For his groundbreaking research into decision-making processes in business organizations" | |
| 1979 |
Theodore W. Schultz (1902-1998) |
United States
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"For her groundbreaking work in research into economic development, with particular reference to the problems of developing countries " |
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W. Arthur Lewis (1915-1991) |
United Kingdom (born in St. Lucia )
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| 1980 |
Lawrence Klein (1920-2013) |
United States
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"For the construction of economic models and their use in analyzes of economic policy " |
1981-1990
| year | Person or institution | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 |
James Tobin (1918-2002) |
United States
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"For his analysis of the financial markets and their effects on spending decisions and thus on employment, production and price developments" |
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| 1982 |
George Stigler (1911-1991) |
United States
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"For his pioneering studies of the functioning and structures of markets and the causes and effects of public sector regulations " | |
| 1983 |
Gérard Debreu (1921-2004) |
United States (born in Calais , France )
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"For the introduction of new analytical methods into economic theory and for a rigorous reformulation of the theory of the general equilibrium of markets " |
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| 1984 |
Richard Stone (1913-1991) |
United Kingdom
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"For his pioneering work in developing national accounting systems, which has radically improved the basis of empirical economic analysis." | |
| 1985 |
Franco Modigliani (1918-2003) |
United States (born in Rome , Italy )
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"For his groundbreaking analysis of the saving behavior of the financial markets" |
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| 1986 |
James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) |
United States
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"For the development of the contract-theoretical and constitutional foundations of economic and political decision-making" |
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| 1987 |
Robert M. Solow (* 1924) |
United States
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"For his work on economic growth theories " |
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| 1988 |
Maurice Allais (1911-2010) |
 France
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"For his groundbreaking contributions to the theory of markets and the efficient use of resources" |
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| 1989 |
Trygve Haavelmo (1911–1999) |
Norway
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"For his formulation of the probabilistic foundations of econometrics " |
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| 1990 |
Harry Markowitz (* 1927) |
United States
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"For his development of the theory of portfolio selection " | |
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Merton H. Miller (1923-2000) |
United States
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"For his fundamental scientific contributions to the theory of corporate finance" | ||
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William F. Sharpe (born 1934) |
United States
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"For his fundamental contributions to the scientific theory of pricing for financial issues" |
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1991-2000
| year | Person or institution | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
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| 1991 |
Ronald Coase (1910-2013) |
United Kingdom
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"For his discovery and clarification of the importance of the so-called transaction costs and the rights of disposal for the institutional structure and the functioning of the economy" (see also: Coase theorem ) |
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| 1992 |
Gary Becker (1930-2014) |
United States
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"For his extension of microeconomic theory to a wide range of human behavior and human cooperation" |
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| 1993 |
Robert Fogel (1926-2013) |
United States
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"For their renewal of economic history research by applying economic theory and quantitative methods to explain economic and institutional change" |
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Douglass North (1920-2015) |
United States
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| 1994 |
John Harsanyi (1920-2000) |
United States (born in Budapest , Hungary )
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"For your fundamental analysis of equilibrium in non-cooperative game theory " | |
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John Forbes Nash Jr. (1928-2015) |
United States
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Reinhard Selten (1930–2016) |
 Germany
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| 1995 |
Robert E. Lucas (* 1937) |
United States
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"For his formulation of the theory of rational expectations about the behavior of the various participants in economic events" | |
| 1996 |
James Mirrlees (1936-2018) |
United Kingdom
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"For their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives with different degrees of information of market participants" | |
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William Vickrey (1914-1996) |
United States (born in Victoria , British Columbia , Canada )
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| 1997 |
Robert C. Merton (* 1944) |
United States
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"For your elaboration of a mathematical formula to determine option values on the stock exchange" ( Black-Scholes model ) |
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Myron S. Scholes (* 1941) |
United States (born in Timmins , Ontario , Canada )
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| 1998 |
Amartya Sen (* 1933) |
 India
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“For his fundamental theoretical contributions to welfare economics , u. a. in developing countries " |
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| 1999 |
Robert Mundell (* 1932) |
 Canada
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"For his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy in different exchange rate systems and for his analysis of optimal currency areas" |
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| 2000 |
James Heckman (born 1944) |
United States
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"For the development of theories and methods for the analysis of selective samples" |
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Daniel McFadden (born 1937) |
United States
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"For the development of theories and methods for the analysis of discrete voting decisions" |
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2001-2010
| year | Person or institution | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
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| 2001 |
George A. Akerlof (* 1940) |
United States
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"For your analysis of markets with asymmetrical information " |
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A. Michael Spence (* 1943) |
United States
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Joseph E. Stiglitz (* 1943) |
United States
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| 2002 |
Daniel Kahneman (* 1934) |
United States / Israel (born in Tel Aviv , Israel )
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"For the introduction of insights from psychological research into economics, especially with regard to assessments and decisions in the event of uncertainty" |
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Vernon L. Smith (born 1927) |
United States
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"For the use of laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in studies of different market mechanisms" |
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| 2003 |
Robert F. Engle (* 1942) |
United States
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"For methods of analyzing economic time series with volatility that varies over time ( ARCH model )" |
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Clive WJ Granger (1934-2009) |
United Kingdom
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"For methods to analyze economic time series with mutually changing trends ( cointegration )" |
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| 2004 |
Finn E. Kydland (born 1943) |
Norway
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"For their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics : The time consistency of economic policy and the driving force of business cycles " |
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Edward C. Prescott (* 1940) |
United States
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| 2005 |
Robert Aumann (* 1930) |
Israel / United States (born in Frankfurt am Main , Germany)
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"For their fundamental contributions to game theory and to a better understanding of conflict and cooperation " |
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Thomas Schelling (1921-2016) |
United States
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| 2006 |
Edmund S. Phelps (* 1933) |
United States
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"For his analysis of intertemporal conflicting goals in macroeconomic politics" |
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| 2007 |
Leonid Hurwicz (1917-2008) |
United States (born in Moscow , Russia)
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"For the development of the fundamentals of Mechanism Design " |
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Eric S. Maskin (born 1950) |
United States
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Roger B. Myerson (* 1951) |
United States
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| 2008 |
Paul Krugman (born 1953) |
United States
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"For the analysis of trade patterns and areas of economic activity" |
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| 2009 |
Elinor Ostrom (1933–2012) |
United States
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"For your analysis of economic activity in the area of common goods " |
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Oliver E. Williamson (1932-2020) |
United States
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"For his analysis of economic activity in the company's internal area" |
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| 2010 |
Peter A. Diamond (born 1940) |
United States
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"For your analysis of markets with friction " |
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Dale Mortensen (1939-2014) |
United States
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Christopher Pissarides (* 1948) |
United Kingdom / Cyprus
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2011-2020
| year | Person or institution | country | Reason for awarding the prize | image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 |
Thomas Sargent (* 1943) |
United States
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"For your empirical study of cause and effect in macroeconomics " |
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Christopher Sims (* 1942) |
United States
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| 2012 |
Alvin E. Roth (born 1951) |
United States
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"For the theory of stable distributions and the practice of market design " |
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Lloyd S. Shapley (1923-2016) |
United States
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| 2013 |
Eugene Fama (* 1939) |
United States
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"For the empirical analysis of capital market prices" |
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Lars Peter Hansen (* 1952) |
United States
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Robert J. Shiller (* 1946) |
United States
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| 2014 |
Jean Tirole (* 1953) |
France
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"For his analysis of the power and regulation of markets" |
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| 2015 |
Angus Deaton (* 1945) |
United Kingdom / United States
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"For his analysis of consumption, poverty and the welfare state" |
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| 2016 |
Oliver Hart (* 1948) |
United States
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"For their contributions to contract theory " |
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Bengt Holmström (* 1949) |
 Finland
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| 2017 |
Richard Thaler (* 1945) |
United States
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"For his contributions to behavioral economics " |
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| 2018 |
William D. Nordhaus (* 1941) |
United States
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"For the integration of climate change in long-term macroeconomic analyzes" |
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Paul Romer (* 1955) |
United States
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"For the integration of technical innovations in long-term macroeconomic analyzes" ( Romer model ) |
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| 2019 |
Abhijit Banerjee (* 1961) |
United States (born in Bombay , India)
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"For their experimental approach to fighting global poverty" |
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Esther Duflo (* 1972) |
France / United States
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Michael Kremer (* 1964) |
United States
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statistics
In the 50 awards from 1969 to 2019, a total of 84 Nobel prizes were awarded. Of these, 82 went to men and two to women (2009 and 2019). The prize was awarded 25 times to one person, 16 times it was split between two people and seven times three winners were chosen. So far, no one has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics multiple times and there has never been an award ceremony since its inception.
The oldest winner was Leonid Hurwicz (2007; 90 years old at the time of the award); the youngest award winner Esther Duflo (2019; 46).
Distribution by country
The clear majority of the award winners come from the United States, followed by Great Britain, Norway, France and Sweden.
Prize winners who were citizens of two countries at the time of the award are half-counted here for both countries.
| nation | Number of awards |
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United States
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60 |
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United Kingdom
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9 |
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Norway
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3 |
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France
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2.5 |
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Sweden
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2 |
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Germany
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1 |
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Finland
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1 |
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India
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1 |
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Israel
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1 |
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Canada
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1 |
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Netherlands
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1 |
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Soviet Union
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1 |
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Cyprus
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0.5 |
Web links
Commons : recipient of the Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics - collection of images, videos and audio files
- Official list of the business award
- Publications of the Nobel Prize winners in the research portal EconBiz
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e country as stated on nobelprize.org. The country may differ from the nationality of the laureate.
- ↑ Leontief's dates of birth were unclear for a long time. He himself assumed in the autobiography cited by the Nobel Foundation that he was born in 1906. However, in later years he found out that he had been born as early as 1905. His relatives were later able to receive his birth certificate ( Memento from January 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), which shows Munich as the place of birth and August 5, 1905 as the date of birth. However, the Nobel Foundation continues to use the data that was known at the time of the award .
