Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Kahneman 2004

Daniel Kahneman ( Hebrew דניאל כהנמן ) (* 5. March 1934 in Tel Aviv ) is an Israeli - American psychologist and emeritus professors who in 2002 with Vernon L. Smith the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded. He developed the underlying, excellent prospect theory with Amos Tversky .

Life

Daniel Kahneman comes from a Jewish-Lithuanian family that produced several well-known rabbis . In the early 1920s, his parents emigrated from Lithuania to France. Daniel Kahneman was born in Tel Aviv when his mother was visiting relatives there. After the invasion of the Wehrmacht in June 1940, the family fled from Paris to the unoccupied zone of France , to Juan-les-Pins . When German troops occupied this zone on November 11, 1942, the family hid in Cagnes-sur-Mer and finally in a village near Limoges .

In 1946 Kahneman emigrated to Palestine . He studied psychology and mathematics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . After his exams in 1954, he did his three years of military service in the Israeli army , which then hired him as a psychologist to develop tests for the selection of officer candidates . From 1958 he studied psychology at the University of California and received his doctorate in 1961 . From 1961 to 1978 he taught at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and from 1978 to 1986 at the University of British Columbia ; from 1986 to 1994 he was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley . Since 1993, Kahneman has held the Eugene Higgins Professorship in Psychology at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University .

His work on judgment heuristics and cognitive biases became particularly well known . Steven Pinker called Kahneman the "most important living psychologist".

Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky laid the foundations of behavioral economics . They developed the Prospect Theory to model human judgments in economic decisions more realistically than in the traditional cost-benefit model. While Kahneman and Tversky were initially considered rivals at the Hebrew University, that subsided in 1969. From then on, they often sat together in a seminar room, and laughter could often be heard through the closed door. Tversky's wife later said that relationship was more intense than marriage.

In an interview in 2013, Kahneman explained the contrast of his approach to the Chicago School and that it was important to create an environment "that guarantees personal freedom on the one hand and encourages people to make decisions that they will not regret later on on the other."

In 2015, the weekly magazine " The Economist " listed Kahneman as the 7th most influential economist in the world.

Daniel Kahneman was married to Anne Treisman and has four children.

Honors

• 1993: Elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 1995: Ernest R. Hilgard Award from the American Psychological Association (APA) for his contribution to general psychology
• 1995: Warren Medal from the Society of Experimental Psychologists
• 2001: Elected member of the National Academy of Sciences
• 2002: Nobel Prize in Economics (with Vernon L. Smith )
• 2004: Honorary doctorate from the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Würzburg
• 2004: Elected member of the American Philosophical Society
• 2007: Elected member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
• 2008: Elected member of the British Academy
• 2010: Leontief Prize
• 2012: World Economy Prize from the Institute for World Economy at Kiel University
• 2013: Presidential Medal of Freedom
• 2014: Honorary Doctorate from Yale University

Fonts (selection)

• An analytical model of the semantic differential . University of California, Berkeley 1961 ( dissertation ).
• Attention and effort . Prentice Hall, New York 1973, ISBN 0-13-050518-8 .
• with Paul Slovic , Amos Tversky (Ed.): Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases . Cambridge University Press, New York 1982, ISBN 0-521-28414-7 .
• with Amos Tversky (Ed.): Choices, Values, and Frames . Cambridge University Press, New York 2000, ISBN 0-521-62749-4 .
• Well-Being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology . Ed .: Edward Diener, Norbert Schwarz . Russell Sage Found, 2003, ISBN 0-87154-423-7 .
• Thinking, Fast and Slow . Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011, ISBN 978-0-374-27563-1 . Appeared in German as: Fast thinking, slow thinking . Siedler Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-88680-886-1 .

literature

• Michael Lewis : From the world. Limits of choice or a friendship that has changed our thinking . Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2017, ISBN 978-3-593-50686-9 .

Web links

Commons : Daniel Kahneman  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Personal website at Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
• Information from the Nobel Foundation on the 2002 award ceremony for Daniel Kahneman
• Lecture on happiness (english)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} The Prize in Economic Sciences 2002. nobelprize.org, October 12, 2002, accessed on October 12, 2015 (English). 
2. ↑ Uwe Jean Heuser : Psychology: Schreck der Ökonomen , Die Zeit , 21/2012
3. ↑ Michael Lewis: From the world. Limits of choice or a friendship that has changed our thinking . Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2017, p. 48.
4. ↑ Michael Lewis: From the world. Limits of choice or a friendship that has changed our thinking . Campus, Frankfurt am Main 2017, p. 47.
5. ↑ Oliver Burkeman: Daniel Kahneman: "We're beautiful devices" , The Guardian , November 14, 2011
6. ↑ ^{a b} Jens-Christian Rabe: Truth and Story . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung of January 26, 2016, p. 9.
7. ↑ Martin Chechne: Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky - How two psychologists changed our thinking. Retrieved February 25, 2019 . 
8. ↑ Michael Lewis: How Two Trailblazing Psychologists Turned the World of Decision Science Upside Down. Retrieved February 25, 2019 . 
9. ↑ Valentin Ade, Dieter Bachmann: A reward for happiness cannot really be justified . In: Basler Zeitung . April 12, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
10. ^ Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought. ase.tufts.edu, accessed October 12, 2015 . 
11. ^ Daniel Kahneman. Institute for the World Economy at Kiel University, accessed on June 17, 2012 . 
12. ↑ Biographies of the 2014 honorands at Yale University (yale.edu); Retrieved June 9, 2014