Leopold Arends
Leopold Alexander Friedrich Arends (born November 22 . Jul / 4. December 1817 greg. In Rakishi (now Lithuania ); † 22. December 1882 in Berlin ) was a German stenographer and system inventor.
Life
Leopold Arends was born in Rakishi on December 1, 1817. He turned to the pharmacist profession and studied philosophy, history and linguistics at the University of Dorpat (today Tartu). In 1841 he became the tutor of a noble family from Courland. In 1844 Arends went to Berlin . When the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein rose up against Denmark in 1848 , Arends joined a student volunteer corps, but it was disbanded the following month. In 1859 he was appointed to the faculty of the newly founded Berlin Craftsmen's Association. Leopold Arends died on December 22nd, 1882 in Berlin.
Arends got to know the shorthand in the mid-1840s. He soon dealt with the shorthand and in 1850 published teaching tables in his own shorthand, a complete textbook did not appear until 1860.
family
In 1856 he married Maria Auguste Gaillard , née Hintberg († 1897), in Berlin . The marriage remained without children.
Arends' shorthand
Arends' shorthand is one of the so-called self-writing shorthands, i.e. H. the vowels are not represented symbolically, but written out. The sympathetic sounds are mostly represented by straight lines. There is also a symbolic representation of some continuation sequences. A further development of the Arends system was carried out by Heinrich Roller .
The Arends shorthand was transferred to many foreign languages, including English, Latin, Spanish and Swedish.
literature
- Christian Johnen: Arends, Leopold . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 46, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1902, pp. 27-33.
- Anton Hager: Arends, Leopold. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 344 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Laurenz Schneider, Georg Blauert: History of the German shorthand. Heckner, Wolfenbüttel 1936.
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Leopold Arends. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 147 f .
Web links
Wikisource: Arends - Article of the 4th edition of Meyers Konversations-Lexikon| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Arends, Leopold |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Arends, Leopold Alexander Friedrich (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German stenographer and system inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 4, 1817 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rakishi |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 22, 1882 |
| Place of death | Berlin |