Leopold Roos

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Signature on an official document of the city of Grünstadt, 1804, "Löb Isaac, Rabiner und Dolmetscher"

Leopold Roos or Löb Moses Roos (* 1768 in Rosheim , Alsace , † October 29, 1838 in Grünstadt ) was a rabbi and Talmudist .

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He was the son of the Rosheim rabbi Isaac Roos and his wife Marianne geb. Buber.

Initially, Leopold Roos worked as a Jewish preacher in Bischheim in Alsace and in Strasbourg , where he taught Talmudic students.

Grünstadt synagogue , where Leopold Roos worked for 35 years

From 1802 he appeared as a rabbi at the synagogue there in Grünstadt, which was then part of the French Département du Mont-Tonnerre . Here the large Jewish community renounced the chief rabbinate of Worms and submitted to the chief rabbinate in the new department seat of Mainz . On June 4, 1809, Roos was sworn in as a rabbi on the decisions of the Great Napoleonic Sanhedrin and, with his community in Grünstadt, was officially subordinated to the Great Rabbi of Mainz. The year before, all French Jews had to take permanent family names. In the city list of 1808 he appears with the Jewish name Isaac Löb and took the real name Leopold Roos .

As can be seen from old documents, Roos also acted as a sworn Hebrew interpreter for the authorities. He stayed for 35 years as a rabbi in Grünstadt and in his office saw the reintegration of the Palatinate area from France to the Kingdom of Bavaria . According to the cult statistics of Aug. 14, 1815, Leopold Roos, as rabbi, was also responsible for the Jews of the canton Frankenthal and for the communities of Monsheim , Heppenheim an der Wiese and Wachenheim (Pfrimm) from Grünstadt . At that time there were very few rabbis in the region.

At a young age Jacob Fränkel (1808–1887), later the first official military rabbi of the United States of America , worked as his Grünstadt synagogue cantor.

In 1833 Roos issued a license to practice the Fürth Talmud edition, which was issued in Grünstadt . Moritz Marx, son of the Bad Dürkheim rabbi Alexander (Jacob Aron) Marx, received his rabbi diploma in 1838, according to his own statements, “from the blessed Rabbi Löb Moses from Grünstadt” .

Leopold Roos is one of the very few, biographically documented, early rabbis of Grünstadt. He was married to Barbe Roos, who was previously called Bele Samuel and they had 7 children. His tombstone is preserved in the Grünstadt Jewish cemetery and highlights his work as a Talmud teacher. The name is given there with "Moses Arjeh called Löb Rosheim" . The inscription names him u. a. "The great genius, Sinai and mountain relocators" or "basket full of books" , which refers to Talmudic quotations and is synonymous with a particularly thoracic, astute scholar and a very well-read man with great knowledge. In an obituary it is said that Roos died after “suffering for many years” and that “several thousand people of different denominations” attended the funeral .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of names of the city of Grünstadt about the Jewish name change in 1808; Person # 115
  2. ↑ Biographical website on Alexander (Jacob Aron) Marx
  3. ↑ Bernhard Kukatzki: Jewish cemetery Grünstadt , City Administration Grünstadt, 2004, p. 40 u. 41, with photo
  4. ↑ Allgemeine Zeitung von und für Bayern , Nuremberg, No. 311, of November 7, 1838; Digital view of the obituary
personal data
SURNAME Roos, Leopold
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roos, Löb Moses; Loeb, Isaac
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rabbi and Talmudist in France and Germany
DATE OF BIRTH 1768
PLACE OF BIRTH Rosheim
DATE OF DEATH October 29, 1838
Place of death Grünstadt