Licinius Valerianus

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Licinius Valerianus († 268) was a Roman politician and senator in the 3rd century AD.

Licinius Valerianus was a child of Emperor Valerian from his second marriage to Cornelia Gallonia . For a long time Licinius Valerianus was considered to be the biological brother of his older son and successor Gallienus , as science largely classified the statement in the Historia Augusta that he came from another mother - that is, Emperor Valerian was married twice - as largely unreliable. Since 2003, however, with Bulzi / Castelsardo in Sardiniaan inscription was found which clearly attests to Valerian's second wife by name, this view was revised. The Historia Augusta also claims that Licinius Valerianus was appointed Caesar by his father Valerian, who was in office from 253 to 260, and Augustus by his half-brother Gallienus during his reign (260-268) . Since he does not appear with these titles on coins or in any other source, the information is regarded as unhistorical - the author of the Historia Augusta may have confused him at this point with Valerian the Younger , who had actually been raised to Caesar but died in 258 .

From an inscription it is known that Licinius Valerianus held the consulate for the second time in 265 . Since the ordinary consuls of the Roman imperial era are well known, the first term of office is likely to have been a suffect consulate . It is also possible, however, that Licinius Valerianus, as a member of the imperial family, received the ornamenta consularia on account of honor without actually holding the consulate before 265. In any case, as I said, he did not appear to have been included in the administration of the empire to any great extent. His younger age could not have been the only reason for this; he was possibly suffering from an illness; during the sole rule of Gallienus he may also have been perceived as a potential competitor for the emperor. During the reign of his half-brother, Licinius Valerianus at least represented the emperor during his long absence in Rome, although he probably did not hold any special office. After the news of Gallienus' death arrived in Rome (268), the Senate murdered friends , followers and family members of Gallienus, including his son Marinianus . Licinius Valerianus may have been in Mediolanum (Milan) when he was killed.

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literature

  • Arnold Hugh Martin Jones , John Robert Martindale, John Morris : Valerianus 14. In: The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire (PLRE). Volume 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1971, ISBN 0-521-07233-6 , p. 939.
  • Udo Hartmann : The murder of Emperor Gallienus. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (ed.): Deleto Paene Imperio Romano, Transformation Processes of the Roman Empire in the 3rd Century and Their Reception in Modern Times. Steiner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-515-08941-1 , p. 103 f.
  • Andreas Goltz, Udo Hartmann: Valerian and Gallienus. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (Ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Volume 1, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-05-004529-0 , pp. 223-295, here pp. 229 f. (with a list of older literature p. 229, note 39).

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b Historia Augusta, Vita Valeriani Duo 8.1.
  2. ^ AE 2004, 673 .
  3. ↑ On the interpretation of the inscription Raimondo Zucca: Valeriano e la sua Famiglia nell'Epigrafia della Sardinia . In: Maria Gabriella Angeli Bertinelli, Angela Donati (eds.): Epigrafia di Confine, Confine dell'Epigrafia. Atti del Colloquio AIEGL, Borghesi 2003 (= Epigrafia e Antichità. Volume 21). Fratelli Lega, Faenza 2004, ISBN 88-7594-023-1 , pp. 347-370, especially pp. 363-369.
  4. ↑ a b Klaus-Peter Johne : The Empire and the change of rulers. In: The same (ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Volume 1, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-05-004529-0 , pp. 583-632, here p. 607.
  5. ↑ CIL 6, 2809 .
  6. ^ Andreas Goltz, Udo Hartmann: Valerian and Gallienus. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (Ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Volume 1, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-05-004529-0 , pp. 223–295, here p. 230 with note 42.
  7. ↑ So Eutropius , Breviarium ab urbe condita 9,11,1. On the historicity of this tradition Andreas Goltz, Udo Hartmann: Valerian and Gallienus. In: Klaus-Peter Johne (Ed.): The time of the soldiers' emperors. Crisis and transformation of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century AD (235–284). Volume 1, Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-05-004529-0 , pp. 223–295, here p. 292 with note 292.
personal data
SURNAME Licinius Valerianus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Valerianus, Licinius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman senator and consul 265
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH 268
Place of death Rome