Limberg (Kaiserstuhl)
| Limberg | ||
|---|---|---|
| height | 272 m | |
| location | Municipality of Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl , Baden-Wuerttemberg , Germany | |
| Mountains | Kaiserstuhl | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 9 '2 " N , 7 ° 36' 22" E | |
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| rock | Olivine - nephelinite , limburgite and Miocene limestone | |
The Limberg is a 272 m high mountain in the northwest corner of the Kaiserstuhl, northwest of Sasbach .
geography
In the west it borders directly on the Rhine , in the east on the arable Upper Rhine Plain near Wyhl . In total, it protrudes around 100 m above its surroundings. The Limberg has the shape of a ridge running from south-southwest to north-northeast. Its west and east slopes are therefore particularly pronounced. The highest altitude is approximately in the middle of the mountain on an extensive plateau. Both slopes differ in terms of use: while the eastern slope and the plateau are used for viticulture, forest dominates the western slopes. There are also several stone quarries on the western slope.
geology
The Limberg is of volcanic origin. The geological subsurface consists mainly of the volcanic rocks olivine nephelinite and limburgite . The volcanic formations are related to the volcanism of the Kaiserstuhl. In places, Miocene limestones also form the geology of the Limberg. The plateau and eastern slopes are covered with Pleistocene loess.
Flora and fauna
Due to the warm climate, the sub-Mediterranean floral element with downy oak forests forms the natural vegetation of the Limberg. In addition to the downy oak, the vetch is a rare species there. The herb layer of these downy oak forests is dominated by the blue-red stone seeds . Another heat-favored forest community on the Limberg is the sedge-winter linden forest. Warm, dry margins, characterized by the diptame , form perennial plant communities at the forest edges. There blood-red cranesbill , comb quail wheat and ebony herbaceous flower occur as further rare species. There is no forest in the driest places, there are dry grasslands that contain rare species such as the hairy awl grass , the delicate-leaved flax, eyelash pearl grass and the Carniolan thyme.
The fauna of the Limberg is also characterized by heat-loving species. Occasional eastern green lizards and European praying mantises have been found on Limberg .
history
The Limberg plateau has been inhabited since the younger Stone Age. Remains of a Stone Age fortification of the " Michelsberg culture " are in the south of the plateau, a Celtic wall from the Hallstatt period on the northern edge of the plateau. A troop camp was built there in Roman times . A castle complex on the southern tip of the plateau, the so-called Old Limburg, dates from the early Middle Ages . On the southwest corner of Limberg, the 80 by 40 meter ruins of Limburg , which originated in the High Middle Ages, have been preserved.
literature
State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg, Institute for Ecology and Nature Conservation (Hrsg.): Limberg am Kaiserstuhl nature reserve. Guide to the scientific educational trail near Sasbach a. Rh. (= Guide through nature and landscape protection areas of Baden-Württemberg , Volume 2) 2nd edition, Institute for Ecology and Nature Conservation, Karlsruhe 1987, ISBN 3-88251-115-X .