Lion Philips

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Lion (Leon) Philips (born October 29, 1794 in Zaltbommel , Gelderland; † December 28, 1866 there ) was a Dutch manufacturer.

Lion Philips (1794–1866)
Sophie Philips, his wife

His parents were Benjamin Philips (born May 22, 1767 in Veenendaal; † May 6, 1854 in Zaltbommel), textile and tobacco merchant, and his wife Lea Hartog (born June 15, 1775 in Zaltbommel; † August 14, 1838 there), Daughter of the cattle dealer Isaac Levi Hartog from Zaltbommel. The grandparents were the merchant Philip (called Pais) Philips in Veenendaal and Rebecca van Crefelt, who came from northern Germany.

Of his eight brothers and three sisters, he was the only eldest who stayed in Zaltbommel. Philips nephew, son of his brother August (* 1810), was the portrait and genre painter Hermann August Philips . Lion became a dealer and manufacturer of tobacco, tea and coffee. In 1815 he started together with Gerlacus Ribbius Peletier Sen. tobacco company de Eenhoorn (The Unicorn) .

On November 15, 1820, he married Sophie Presburg (born November 15, 1792 in Nijmegen; † April 7, 1854 in Zaltbommel), the youngest daughter of the precentor and textile merchant Isaac Presburg from Nijmegen . Her sister Henriette Presburg had married Heinrich Marx in 1814 .

The couple had nine children, including August (lawyer and president of the Amsterdam Bar, 1823-1891) and Frederik Philips .

On February 1, 1826, he and his father and their families moved from the Jewish to the Nederlandse Hervormdekerk , probably out of personal conviction .

Karl Marx 's mother Henriette appointed Lion Philips as one of her executors in 1859. Marx negotiated with him between 1846 and 1865, including on personal visits, in order to receive advances on his inheritance, although he had already signed a contract to the contrary with his mother in 1841. In the surviving letters from Marx to his uncle, however, there is no mention of it, only in the letters to Friedrich Engels and others. a. Marx had contact with the children of the Philips family, in particular with August and Nanette Philips (1834–1885), to whom he also dedicated Das Kapital .

literature

  • Werner Blumenberg : An Unknown Chapter from Marx's Life. Letters to the Dutch relatives . In: International Review of Social History, 1, 1956, No. 1, pp. 54-111
  • Nederland's Patriciaat . Vol. 50, The Hague 1964, pp. 330-343
  • Heinz Monz: The inheritance contract Henriette Marx . In: De Antiquaar, Hilversum 1971, Volume II, p. 6 ff.
  • Heinz Monz: Karl Marx. Basics of life and work . NCO-Verlag, Trier 1973
  • Manfred Schöncke: Karl and Heinrich Marx and their siblings . Cologne 1993 ISBN 3-89144-185-1
  • Jan Gielkens: Karl Marx and his Dutch relatives. An annotated source edition . Trier 1999 [rather April 2000] (= writings from the Karl-Marx-Haus 50) ISBN 3-86077-845-5
  • Izumi Omura et al. (Ed.): The Marx family private - The photo and questionnaire albums of Marx's daughters Laura and Jenny - An annotated facsimile edition . Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2005. ISBN 3-05-004118-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jan Gielkens: Karl Marx and his Dutch relatives , p. 55 and R. Macalester Loup: “Omstandig verhaal, concerning the transition from Drie Israëlitische Huisgezinnen, te Zalt-Bommel woonachtig, dead the prominent christelijken godsdienst; in brieven […] aan S. Crommelein […] ”. Zaltbommel 1826
  2. ↑ Heinz Monz: The inheritance contract Henriette Marx
  3. ↑ Manfred Schöncke: Karl and Heinrich Marx and their siblings , pp. 307–309
  4. ↑ Jan Gielkens, pp. 220-221
personal data
SURNAME Philips, Lion
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Philips, Leon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch manufacturer, uncle of Karl Marx
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1794
PLACE OF BIRTH Zaltbommel
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1866
Place of death Zaltbommel