List of rulers in the 11th century BC Chr.
Overview
13th century BC Chr. | 12th century BC Chr. | List of rulers in the 11th century BC Chr. | 10th century BC Chr. | 9th century BC Chr.
More events
This is a synchronous representation of the reigns of pre-ancient rulers in the 11th century BC , visualized in the form of equally scaled timelines.
Remarks
Ramses XI. is the last listed king of Egypt before Taharka in the 7th century in the timeline of Nissen (2012). The Third Intermediate Period began when Ramses XI. no longer ruled independently: In the north (Lower Egypt), the military commander Smendes took control; in the south (Upper Egypt) the high priest of Amun. Ramses XI was the ruler. however still recognized.
The reigns of the Shang and Zhou dynasties (the latter from Zhou Wuwang ) are here taken from the results of the (controversial) Chronological Project Xia-Shang-Zhou . Chronologically secured dates are only from 841 BC. BC before.
For the period 1100-1000 BC there are further details about rulers that are not listed here for various reasons. These include mythical ancestral kings, but also rulers, who cannot be precisely fixed in time. See for example the lists of the kings of Ireland , Byblos , Argos , Sparta , Corinth , Sikyon , Israel , Vietnam , Korea .
Deputies and viceroys are only listed here if the territory they administer formed an independent state before or afterwards.
General
In the timeline, a gap of one year symbolizes that the transition between two rulers will be assumed around this time. If the transition period can be determined more precisely, this is indicated by a thinner line. Larger gaps between two names do not necessarily mean that there was no ruler; but indicate an uncertainty. If no colored bars are displayed, the relevant rulers cannot be dated more precisely according to the latest research. The representation does not claim to be complete.
Specifically, the dating according to Nissen (2012) is used here for the information on ancient oriental kings and the dating according to Beckerath (1994) for the information on Egyptian kings. There are no reliable data for other parts of the world at this time, not even for China (compare chronological project Xia-Shang-Zhou ), where the Shang dynasty is said to have ruled over northern China, but all the more precise details are noted much later.
General note: The dates of this list have not been finalized, see also ancient oriental and Egyptian chronology. Depending on the opinion of an author, the dating of great kings and pharaohs during this period can differ by several years from the information used here, and significantly more for even earlier periods. Specialist authors often state which assumptions / chronologies their writings are based on.
Due to new archaeological findings, the state of research and current doctrine on dating can occasionally change abruptly. If more recent findings are incorporated, the simultaneity of rulers must be checked (this should be guaranteed according to archaeological evidence) and the chronology used and the source / place of discovery must be indicated.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Jörg Nissen : History of the ancient Near East . Oldenbourg Verlag, 2nd edition 2012, Munich. ISBN 3-486-59223-8 .
- ↑ Jürgen von Beckerath : Chronology of the Pharaonic Egypt. The timing of Egyptian history from prehistoric times to 332 BC BC (= Munich Egyptological Studies . Vol. 46). von Zabern, Mainz 1997.