List of potentially habitable planets

Comparison of some of the planets discovered by the Kepler space telescope in the habitable zone of their star (2015)

The list of potentially habitable planets is based on the Habitable Exoplanets Catalog of the Planetary Hability Laboratory ( PHL ) of the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo .

Legend

Surname: The name or catalog name of the planet.
IT I: Earth Similarity Index , degree of similarity between the planet and the earth in terms of energy flow (flux), mass and radius. Value between 0 and 1.
Planetary class: Classification of the PHL , includes the spectral class of the central star (G, K, M), the position of the planet in the habitable zone (Hot, Warm, Cold), and the size of the planet (Miniterran, Subterran, Terran, Superterran, Neptunian, Jovian ).
Dimensions: Minimum mass of the planet in earth masses (earth = 1). If not available, estimates are given depending on the possible composition (pure iron, rock, water).
radius: Radius of the planet in earth radii (earth = 1). If not available, estimates are given depending on the possible composition (pure iron, rock, water).
Flux: Average energy flow on the planet (Earth = F _E = 1.0).
T _eq: Equilibrium temperature in Kelvin (K) with an assumed bond albedo of the earth of 255 K. The actual temperature values, depending on the unknown atmosphere of the respective planet, are likely to be higher than the equilibrium temperature (the mean temperature on the earth's surface is e.g. 288 K or 15 ° C).
Orbital time: The length of time, in earth days , that the planet needs to orbit its central star.
distance: The distance of the planet, ie its central star, from the earth in light years .
status: Indicates whether the actual existence of the planet has been sufficiently confirmed by observations.

list

Conservative interpretation

The planets listed below can be considered rocky planets on the surface of which liquid water could possibly exist due to their diameter (about 1.5 Earth's radii or less) and mass (about 5 Earth's masses or less) . According to a conservative interpretation, they are in the habitable zone of their central stars. As such z. B. in the case of a sun-like star of spectral class G, the range from 0.99 to 1.69 AU distance from the star is considered.

The earth is listed for comparison. In relation to the solar system, Venus and Mars would be rated with an ESI of 0.78 and 0.64, respectively.

As of September 4, 2019
#	Surname	IT I	Planetary class	Mass (in M _⊕ )	Radius (in ) ${\ displaystyle R _ {\ oplus}}$	Flux (in F _E )	T _eq (in K )	Cycle time (in days )	Distance (in light years )
0	earth	1.00	G-Warm Terran	1.0	1.0	1.0	255	365	0
1	Tea garden b	0.93	M-Warm Terran	≥ 1.05	-	1.21	267	4.9	12
2	K2-72e	0.90	M-Warm Terran	-	1.29	1.11	261	24.2	217
3	FY 3323 b	0.90	M-Warm Terran	≥ 2.02	-	1.23	265	5.4	17th
4th	Trappist-1 d	0.89	M-Warm subterranean	0.41	0.77	1.21	267	4.0	41
5	FY 1061 c	0.88	M-Warm Terran	≥ 1.75	-	1.35	275	6.7	12
6th	Trappist-1 e	0.87	M-Warm Terran	0.62	0.92	0.70	233	6.1	41
7th	Gliese 667 Cf	0.87	M-Warm Terran	≥ 2.54	-	0.85	245	39.0	22nd
8th	Proxima b	0.87	M-Warm Terran	≥ 1.27	-	0.69	227	11.2	4.2
9	Kepler-442b	0.85	K-Warm Terran	-	1.35	0.72	235	112.3	1115
10	FY 273 b	0.84	M-Warm Terran	≥ 2.89	-	1.19	266	18.6	12
11	FY 1061 d	0.80	M-Warm Terran	≥ 1.68	-	0.57	221	13.0	12
12	Wolf 1061 c	0.79	M-Warm Terran	≥ 3.41	-	1.36	275	17.9	14th
13	Gliese 667 cc	0.78	M-Warm Terran	≥ 3.81	-	1.33	274	28.1	22nd
14th	Tau Ceti e	0.74	G-Warm Terran	≥ 3.93	-	1.61	285	162.9	12
15th	Kepler-1229b	0.73	M-Warm Terran		1.40	0.49	213	86.8	769
16	Gliese 667 Ce	0.71	M-Warm Terran	≥ 2.54	-	0.46	210	62.2	22nd
17th	Trappist-1 f	0.70	M-Warm Terran	0.68	1.04	0.40	203	9.2	41
18th	Tea garden c	0.69	M-Warm Terran	≥ 1.11	-	0.39	202	11.4	12
19th	Kepler-62f	0.69	K-Warm Terran	-	1.41	0.42	205	267.3	1200
20th	Trappist-1 g	0.59	M-Warm Terran	1.34	1.13	0.27	184	12.4	41
21st	Kepler-186f	0.58	M-Warm Terran	-	1.17	0.26	182	129.9	561

Optimistic interpretation

The planets listed below are less likely to actually be rock planets due to their diameter (greater than about 1.5 Earth radii) and their mass (greater than about 5 Earth masses). Furthermore, according to an optimistic interpretation, they are only in the habitable zone of their central stars. As such z. B. in the case of a sun-like star of spectral class G, the range of 0.75 to 1.84 AU distance from the star is considered. The earth is listed for comparison.

As of September 4, 2019
#	Surname	IT I	Planetary class	Mass (in M _⊕ )	Radius (in ) ${\ displaystyle R _ {\ oplus}}$	Flux (in F _E )	T _eq (in K )	Cycle time (in days )	Distance (in light years )
0	earth	1.00	G-Warm Terran	1.00	1.00	1.00	255	365	0
1	Kepler-452b	0.83	G-Warm super terran	-	1.63	1.11	261	384.8	1828
2	Kepler-62e	0.82	K-Warm super terran	-	1.61	1.18	266	122.4	1200
3	Kepler-1652b	0.82	M-Warm super terran	-	1.60	0.83	243	38.1	822
4th	Kepler-1544b	0.80	K-Warm super terran	-	1.78	0.90	248	168.8	1138
5	K2-3d	0.80	M-Warm super terran		1.51	1.50	282	44.6	144
6th	Kepler-296e	0.80	M-Warm super terran	-	1.52	1.50	276	34.1	737
7th	Kepler-283c	0.79	K-Warm super terran	-	1.82	0.90	248	92.7	1546
8th	Kepler-1410b	0.78	K-Warm super terran	-	1.78	1.34	274	60.9	1196
9	Kepler-1638b	0.76	G-Warm super terran	-	1.87	1.39	276	259.3	2866
10	K2-296b	0.76	M-Warm super terran	-	1.87	1.40	277	28.2	522
11	Kepler-296f	0.75	M-Warm super terran	-	1.80	0.66	225	63.3	737
12	Kepler-705b	0.74	M-Warm super terran	-	2.11	0.83	243	56.1	818
13	Kepler-440b	0.74	M-Warm super terran	-	1.91	1.49	275	101.1	851
14th	Kepler-1653b	0.74	K-Warm super terran	-	2.17	1.03	257	140.3	2461
15th	Gliese 832c	0.73	M-Warm super terran	≥ 5.40	-	1.22	266	35.7	16
16	Kepler-1606b	0.73	G-Warm super terran	-	2.07	1.41	277	196.4	2869
17th	Kepler-1090b	0.72	G-Warm super terran	-	2.25	1.20	267	198.7	2289
18th	Kepler-61b	0.72	K-Warm super terran	-	2.15	1.39	273	59.9	1103
19th	Kepler-443b	0.71	K-Warm super terran	-	2.35	0.92	249	177.7	2540
20th	K2-18b	0.71	M-Warm super terran	8.92	2.37	1.08	257	32.9	124
21st	Kepler-22b	0.71	G-Warm super terran	-	2.38	1.11	261	289.9	619
22nd	K2-9b	0.71	M-Warm super terran	-	2.25	1.37	276	18.4	271
23	Kepler-26e	0.70	M-Warm super terran	-	2.41	1.13	263	46.8	1104
24	Kepler-1552b	0.70	K-Warm super terran	-	2.47	1.10	261	184.8	2015
25th	Kepler-1540b	0.70	K-Warm super terran	-	2.49	0.92	250	125.4	854
26th	LHS 1140b	0.69	M-Warm super terran	6.98	1.73	0.48	212	24.7	49
27	Kepler-1632b	0.69	F-Warm super terran	-	2.47	1.27	270	448.3	1904
28	HD 40307g	0.69	K-Warm super terran	≥ 7.09	-	1.12	258	197.8	42
29	Gliese 163c	0.69	M-Warm super terran	≥ 6.80	-	1.25	269	25.6	49
30th	Kepler-298d	0.68	K-Warm super terran	-	2.50	1.29	271	77.5	1715
31	K2-288Bb	0.64	M-Warm super terran	-	1.91	0.43	206	31.4	214
32	FY 3293 d	0.62	M-Warm super terran	≥ 7.60	-	0.55	219	48.1	66
33	Kepler-174d	0.61	K-Warm super terran	-	2.19	0.43	206	247.4	1268
34	Gliese 357 d	0.61	K-Warm super terran	≥ 6.10	-	0.38	199	55.7	31

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo: Habitable Exoplanets Catalog. Retrieved September 8, 2019 .
^ ^A ^b University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo: Summary of the Limits of the New Habitable Zone. Retrieved January 9, 2016 .
^ The Conversation of November 18, 2015: Meet the five most Earth-like exoplanets in the Universe (that we know about). Retrieved August 27, 2016 .

[PHL-1] A ^b ^c University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo: Habitable Exoplanets Catalog. Retrieved September 8, 2019 .

[HZ-2] A ^b University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo: Summary of the Limits of the New Habitable Zone. Retrieved January 9, 2016 .

[3] The Conversation of November 18, 2015: Meet the five most Earth-like exoplanets in the Universe (that we know about). Retrieved August 27, 2016 .