Lyudmyla Staryzka-Chernyakhivska

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Lyudmyla Staryzka-Chernyakhivska

Ljudmyla Mychajliwna Staryzka-Tschernjachiwska ( Ukrainian Людмила Михайлівна Старицька-Черняхівська ; born August 17 . Jul / 29. August  1868 greg. In Kiev , Russian Empire ; † 1941 , Location unknown, Soviet Union ) was a Ukrainian writer, translator and critic.

family

Lyudmyla Staryzka grew up in a family of the intelligentsia with a Ukrainian identity. Her father was the Ukrainian cultural activist, writer, poet and playwright Mychajlo Staryzkyj (1840–1904). Her mother Sofia was the sister of the great Ukrainian composer, pianist and conductor Mykola Lyssenko (1842–1912).

Life

Liudmyla was taught in a private school. As a student she wrote the novel “For Ukraine” and satirical poems about the headmistress and her husband. From 1888 to 1893 she was a member of the literary circle "Плея́да" ( Plejada ).

Her husband Oleksandr Tschernjachiwskyi (1869-1939) was a professor of histology in Kiev and a public figure . He was the first chairman of the Union of Ukrainian Doctors and one of the authors of the “Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary” (Kiev, 1920). In addition to working out the Ukrainian medical terminology, he also translated artistic and sociological literature: For example Heine's Harzreise , Schiller's Räuber or Friedrich Engels Ludwig Feuerbach and the outcome of classical German philosophy.

During the First World War , Staryzka worked as a nurse in the hospital. In 1917 she was elected to the Ukrainian Central Na Rada and was committed to founding a "Ukrainian National Theater". As a representative of the Ministry of Education, she gave one of the speeches at the opening of the Ukrainian State University in Kamenets-Podolsk in 1918 . In 1919 she was co-founder and deputy head of the National Council of Ukrainian Women in Kamenets-Podolsk . Then she worked for the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine .

Arrest and death

She was arrested for the first time in 1930 and convicted in a show trial against the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine with her husband and 43 other defendants. She was exiled to Stalino (now Donetsk ) for five years and was able to return to Kiev in 1936.

Her daughter Weronika Tschernjachiwska (Вероні́ка Олекса́ндрівна Черняхі́вська, 1900–1938) was a poet and also translated. She was arrested in 1929 and 1938. She was sentenced to death on September 22, 1938 and executed on the same day.

In June 1941, Staryzka-Chernyachivska was arrested with her sister and charged with anti-Soviet activities. The 73-year-old was tortured, among other things. She died while being deported to Kazakhstan. Her body was thrown off the train in an unknown location. It was not until August 1989 that she was posthumously rehabilitated.

Her younger sister Oksana Steschenko (Окса́на Миха́йлівна Стеше́нко, 1875–1942) was a writer, translator and teacher. She was also exiled and died in a Soviet gulag in Kazakhstan.

The three women are representatives of the "executed rebirth" (ukr. Розстріляне відродження ).

  • Daughter Weronika (1918)

  • Liudmyla Staryzka-Chernyakhivska

  • Sister Oksana (left)

Major works

Staryzka-Chernyachivsk wrote poetry , prose , dramas , memoirs, and literary reviews for numerous publications including the Lviv almanac Pershyi Vinok .

Dramas

  • 1913 - piano ("Kryla")
  • 1917 - The last sheaf ("Ostanniy snip")
  • 1918 - Hetman Petro Doroshenko
  • 1926 - Bandit Karmeliuk ("Rozbiynyk Karmeliuk")
  • 1927 - Ivan Mazepa

memories

  • Twenty-five years of the Ukrainian theater. Reflections and thoughts. ("Dvadtsiat pyat rokiv ukrainskoho teatru. Spohady ta dumky.")
  • Moments from Lesja Ukrajinka's life ("Khvylyny zhyttia Lesi Ukrainky")
  • Memories of M. Lyssenko ("Spohady per M. Lysenka")
  • V. Samiylenko. In memory of a friend. ("V. Samiylenko. Pamyati tovarysha").

More work

  • 1893 - Before the storm ("Pered bureiu"), a historical novel, which was published in installments in the Pravda (Lviv edition) 1893-1894. The novel remained unfinished.
  • 1899 - The Living Tomb ("Zhyva Mohyla"), her first great work. The novel was published in Kyivan Antiquity magazine. The theme of the novel is the love of two young people. The story is linked with elements of Ukrainian folklore and legends.
  • 1929 - Diamond Ring ("Diamantovyi persten"), terminated six weeks before her first arrest. The manuscript remained unpublished for 64 years until it appeared in Zona magazine in 1993 .

Foreign language editions

  • Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska: The Living Grave: A Ukrainian Legend. (Executed Renaissance Book 2), Sova Books eBook, 2015.

Web links

Commons : Ljudmyla Staryzka-Tschernjachiwska  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Liudmyla Staryzka-Tschernjachiwska  - Sources and full texts (Ukrainian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Anatoly Medzyk: Mykhailo Starytsky and His Descendants. Day Newspaper, September 17, 2002.
  2. ↑ Petro Odarchenko: Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska (Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine , engl.)
  3. ↑ Turning pages back. The Ukrainian Weekly. August 28, 1994, page 6.
personal data
SURNAME Staryzka-Chernyachivska, Lyudmyla
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Staryzka-Tschernjachiwska, Lyudmyla Mychajliwna (full name); Старицька-Черняхівська, Людмила Михайлівна (Ukrainian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian author, translator and critic
DATE OF BIRTH August 29, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiev , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH 1941