Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer

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Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer (also: Ludovicus Casparus Valckenarius, Ludwig Kaspar Valckenaer ; born June 7, 1715 in Leeuwarden , † March 15, 1785 in Leiden ) was a Dutch classical philologist .

Life

The son of the lawyer at the court of Leeuwarden Jan (Johann) Warner Valckenaer and his wife Susanna, daughter of the Walloon pastor Caspar Baux, were baptized on June 9th of his year of birth 1715 in the French church of his birthplace. He had attended the city school in his hometown, which was under the direction of the then rector Georg Christoph Schooneveld. In 1731 he began studying theology at the University of Franeker , where he enrolled in the college's register on June 15, 1731. After attending lectures in theology with Harm Venema (1697–1787), in the oriental languages ​​with Emo Lucius Vriemoet and in philosophy with Godefridus du Bois (1700–1747), he devoted himself primarily to the classical languages ​​under Tiberius Hemsterhuis and Petrus Wesseling . Allegedly, he is said to have completed his doctorate here in Franeker in 1737, but the Franeker promotional album does not record such a doctorate.

On 4 September 1737 he enrolled at the University of Leiden , where he continued his voice studies at Albert Schultens continued and at the local university library operation further research. After he had published a few papers there, he returned to Friesland in 1739 - ill health - and in 1740 became vice-principal of the Latin school in Kampen . On June 17, 1741, he was appointed as the successor to Hemsterhuis to professor of Greek language at the University of Franeker, which task he took on on October 9, 1741 with his inaugural speech De Causis neglectae literarum Graecarum culturae (Franeker 1741). In addition, on September 2, 1755, he was also given instructions on Greek antiquity. In Franeker he was also rector of the Frisian university in 1745, 1750 and 1760.

After Hemsterhuis left his chair in Leiden in 1765, the curators of the Leiden University decided to appoint him professor of the Greek language on October 18, 1765, which he assumed on June 3, 1766 with the inaugural speech De Publicis Atheniensium moribus etc. In addition, he received on December 14, 1768 an appointment as professor of patriotic history, which chair he took on March 1, 1769 with the unprinted speech De virtutibus rebusque gestis Gulielmi I foederatae huius Reipublicae fundatoris . Here he also participated in the organizational tasks of the Leiden University and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1771/72 , which task he set down with the speech de admirandis Divinae Providentiae rationibus in fundenda Foederatorum Belgarum libertate .

Valckenaer was one of the most outstanding Dutch Graecists of the 18th century. Having emerged from the Dutch Hellenistic School of Hemsterhuys, he tried to combine the Greek language and literature with a special Latin style. His studies dealt with Greek poetry, especially with people like Euripides, Hippolytus, Ammonius and others. He also drew the later Greek and patristic literature into the circle of his studies. Thus it became important for the establishment of the New Testament language usage. Some of his important students later came to the fore. Here, for example, would Everwinus Wassenbergh (1742-1826), John Ruardi (1746-1815), Cornelis van Lennep (1751-1813), Gijsbertus Koen (1736-1767) and Peter Bondam to name. After his death, Johan Luzac published Callimachi fragmenta (Leiden 1799) and the astute Diatribe de Aristobulo Judaeo (Leiden 1806) from his estate . Collectively, Opuscula philologica, critica, cratoria (von Erfurdt, Leipzig 1808-09, 2 vols.) And Selecta ex Scholiis Valckenarii (von Wassenberg, Amsterdam 1815-17, 2nd vols.) Appeared.

Valkenaer married Johanna van der Streng on February 1, 1752 in Amsterdam. There are five children from the marriage, of which the son Johann Valkenaer (1759-1821), who became a professor of law in Franeker, and the daughter Johanna Susanna, who married Etienne Luzac in 1783, survived.

Fonts (selection)

  • Disputatio de ritibus in Jurando a veteribus, Hebraeis maxime et Graecis, observatis. Franeker 1735 (January 19)
  • Disputatio de Byrsa, Phoenic. arcis Carthagin. nomine; et de Herodotea urbe Cadyti; cum Glossis sacris ex Hesychio decerptis. Franeker 1737
  • Schedisma de urbe Herodotea Cadyti. 1737
  • Glossae sacrae ex Hesychio descerptae. Franeker 1737
  • Ammonius de Adfinium voc. Differentia. Accedunt opuscula nondum edita IV Grammaticorum. Utraque cum Notis criticis. Leiden 1739 ( online ), 4th edition Leipzig 1822
  • Animadversiones ad Ammonium Libros cum specimine scholiorum ad Homerum iniditorum. Leiden 1739
  • Oratio de Causis neglectae literarum Graecarum culturae. Franeker 1741
  • Oratio rectoralis, de sacra N. Foed. critice a literatorum quos vocant, non exercenda. Franeker 1745
  • Fulvii Ursini Virgilius collatione scriptorum Gr. illustratus. Cui addidit Epistolam suam ad. M. Röverum Ictum; Iliadis Homeri Librum XXII cum scholiis vetustis Porphyrii et aliorum huc usque ineditis. Var. Lectionibus versuum Homeri Il. X et scholiorum mss. Moshi epitaph. Bionis cum Notis suis nec non Dissert. de praestantissimo codice Leidensi, et de scholiis in Homerum ineditis. Leeuwarden 1747
  • Oratio de prisca et nupera rerum Belgicarum vicissitudine. Franeker 1749, translated into Dutch by W. Higt. Leeuwarden 1749
  • Notae ad Aristaeneti Epistolas, insertae editioni Frid. Ludov. Abresch. Zwolle 1749
  • Dictata in antiquitates Graecas. 1751
  • Observationes philologicae in Evangelium Lucae. 1751
  • Observationes philologicae in Actus Apostolicos. 1752
  • Observationes philologicae in primam Pauli epistolam ad Corinthios. 1752
  • Euripidis Tragoedia Phoenissae, cum interpretatione Grotii, et Annotationibus suis; scholiisque partim nunc primum evulgatis, Notisque ad eas suis: nec non Grotii Prolegomenis. Franeker 1755 ( online ), Leiden 1802, Leipzig 1824 (2nd vol.)
  • Oratio de Philippi Macedonis indole, virtutibus, rebusque gestis, causis externis fractae Graecorum libertatis habita. Franeker 1760
  • Annotationes ad Herodotum in edit. Wesseling. Amsterdam 1763
  • Duae orationes, altera de publicis Atheniensium moribus, pro temporum diversitate, crescentis labentisque reipublicae causis: altera de Philippi Macedonis, Amijntae F. indole, virtutibus, rebusque gestis; causis externis fractae Graecorum libertatis. Leiden 1766
  • Diatribe in Euripidis perditorum dramatum reliquias. Leiden 1767 ( online ), Leipzig 1823–24 (2nd vol.)
  • Theocriti decem Idyllia in usum auditorum, cum notis, eiusdemque Adoniazusae, uberioribus adnotationibus instructae. Leiden 1773 ( online )
  • Theocriti, Bionis, et Moschi carmina Bucolica, graece et latine, latino carmine pleraque reddita from Eobano Hesso, nonnulla a GE Higtio. Subiecit Graeca ex Editionibus primis, Codicibus, et aliunde emendavit, variisque lectionibus instruxit. Leiden and Kampen 1779–1781 (2nd vol.) ( Online ), 1810
  • Orationes, quarum prima est de Paulo Apostolo.
  • Tres orationes etc. Praefiguntur duae Orationes Ioannis Chrysostomi in laudem Pauli Apostoli cum veteri versione latina Aniani ex cod. ms. hic illic emendata. Leiden 1782
  • Theocriti Idyllia ex recens. V. cum Scholiis blessed Gotha, 1780
  • Callimachi hymn in Apollinem cum emend. ined. LCV et interp. L. Santenii. Leiden 1787
  • Observationes Academicae, quibus via munitur ad origines Graecas invest. etc. et Jo. Dan. a Lennep, praclectiones acad. de Analogia ling. Graecae etc. ad exempla Mss. Rec. Ev. Scheidins. Utrecht 1790, 1805
  • Callimachi Fragmenta collecta atque illustrata aLCV Edidit Cl. Luzac. Leiden 1799 ( online )

literature

  • Friedrich Karl Gottlob Hirsching, Johann Heinrich Ernesti: Historical-literary handbook of famous and memorable people who lived in the eighteenth century. Verlag Schwickert, Leipzig, 1812, vol. 15, p. 172, limited preview in the Google book search
  • Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical Woordenboek der Nederlanden. Verlag JJ van Brederode, Haarlem, 1876 vol. 19, p. 16 ( online )
  • WBS Boeles: Frieslands Hoogeschool en het Rijks Athenaeum te Franeker. A. Meijer, Leeuwarden, 1889, 2nd volume, 2nd issue
  • Ezechiël Slijper: Valckenaer (Lodewijk Caspar) . In: Petrus Johannes Blok , Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen (Ed.): Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek . Part 1. N. Israel, Amsterdam 1974, Sp. 1514–1516 (Dutch, knaw.nl / dbnl.org - first edition: AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1911, reprint unchanged).
  • CA Siegenbeek van Heukelom-Lamme: Album Scholasticum Academiae Lugduno-batave. Brill Archive, Leiden, 1941, p. 159