Lottenbach (Asbach)

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Lottenbach
Lotte
Today's stream course in red and yellow marks the earlier, natural course from today's Sophienstiftsplatz, which has been changed several times since the Middle Ages, most recently in 1920, and no longer exists.

Today's stream course in red and yellow marks the earlier, natural course from today's Sophienstiftsplatz, which has been changed several times since the Middle Ages, most recently in 1920, and no longer exists.

Data
location Weimar , Thuringia
River system Elbe
Drain over Asbach  → Ilm  → Saale  → Elbe  → North Sea
source at the “UNO” industrial park
50 ° 58 ′ 6 ″  N , 11 ° 16 ′ 3 ″  E Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 6 ″  N , 11 ° 16 ′ 3 ″  E
muzzle from the right in Weimar into the Asbach

length about 5.3 km
Drain MQ
 50 l / s
Right tributaries Kirschbach
Medium-sized cities Weimar
Communities Wallendorf (desert)

The Lottenbach (often just called Lotte ) is a 5.3 kilometer long right tributary of the Asbach in Weimar . It rises west of the city and historically flowed as several Lotten canals through various streets of the old town and from there as a left tributary into the Ilm . In the late 1920s the Lottenbach was diverted to supply the then newly built Schwanseebad and has been a right tributary of the Asbach ever since.

etymology

The Lottenbach got its name because in the city, before it was laid underground, it was passed through small, open trenches with a square cross-section, which were called Lotten or Lutten . The Lutten- or Lottenmeister were responsible for this canal system, who had to look after and maintain it. Possibly this name comes from the mining industry, where it stood for square canals cut out of boards.

course

The Lottenbach rises from two sources, an upper source is located at the “UNO” industrial estate. From there, the water flows east past the Wallendorf desert , where it once powered the Wallendorfer mill . Shortly before this there is a second, more powerful spring ⊙ , for example at the trout facility “An der Lotte”. The Lottenbach then runs in a north-easterly to easterly direction towards the Weimar settlement boundary and from there takes on the Kirschbach coming from Niedergrunstedt . At the intersection of Jahnstraße and Paul-Schneider-Straße ⊙ in Weimar-West, it goes into a hollow. In this, the course at Sophienstiftsplatz bends to the left compared to the previous natural direction towards the Ilm and is directed to the north under Coudraystraße . Not far from the Schwanseebad, it flows from the right into the Asbach , which is also rotten there , a direct tributary of the Ilm .

History and use

The Lotten Canal System
Frans Hogenberg , "Wolfscher Plan", Cologne 1581 (detail).

Originally, the Lottenbach took up the Wilden Graben from the right at the site of today's Sophienstiftsplatz . However, this was already diverted in the Middle Ages by the trench built as a flood protection ditch in order to avoid flooding in the urban area through the Wilder Graben. The Lottenbach, on the other hand, was routed through the urban area, with a drain, overflow or controllable drainage into the trenches. At that time it ran from the southwest through the city wall and divided southwest from the Franciscan monastery. The northern part flowed along the street Am Zeughof , Rittergasse over the Herderplatz and from there to the north through the Jakobstraße , the Untergraben and the Gerberstraße and flowed there into the Ilm. The southern part, which probably represents the historic riverbed of the Lottenbach, flowed through Marktstrasse , Kaufstrasse , Schlossgasse and then north of today's Weimar City Palace into the Ilm. Another canal branched off the water from Kaufstrasse in the direction of Markt and then through the now overbuilt street west of Neugasse and from there through the city wall into the trenches. In the late 1920s the Lottenbach was diverted at Sophienstiftsplatz and has since led from there under Coudraystrasse to the Schwanseebad and from there into the Asbach.

The Lottenbach once drove several mills, apart from the Wallendorfer mill already mentioned (first mentioned in 1375, closed in 1960), there were the Lottenmühle (first mentioned in 1375, closed in 1887), the Federwischmühle (first mentioned in 1410, closed in 1875) and the Bornmühle (first mentioned in 1375, 1829 closed), which was already in the urban area. In addition, it fed the tube rides that supplied the city's wells and, in the event of a fire, also supplied extinguishing water. The branched Lotten canals could be regulated accordingly so that the canal at the source of the fire was supplied with more water. It is probably thanks to this system that after the city fire of 1424 there was no further large city fire in Weimar.

literature

  • Axel Stefek: Weimar underground. The Lottenbach and the trenches as historical city waters . In: Weimar - Jena. The big city 4/4 . Verlag Vopelius, 2011, p. 241–261 ( PDF (1.3 MB) ).
  • Axel Stefek: rivers and water mills in Weimar. An overview . In: Axel Stefek (Ed.): Energy in Weimar. From the Middle Ages to the modern age . Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053509-3 , pp. 107-137 .
  • Axel Stefek u. a .: water under the city: streams, canals, sewage treatment plants; Urban hygiene in Weimar from the Middle Ages to the 20th century , ed. from Abwasserbetrieb Weimar, Weimar 2012.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Axel Stefek: Rivers and water mills in Weimar - an overview . In: Axel Stefek (Ed.): Energy in Weimar. From the Middle Ages to the modern age . Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053509-3 , pp. 107 ff .
  2. ↑ Axel Stefek: Rivers and water mills in Weimar - an overview . In: Axel Stefek (Ed.): Energy in Weimar. From the Middle Ages to the modern age . Weimar 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-053509-3 , pp. 107 ff .
  3. ↑ a b Gitta Günther, Lothar Wallraf (ed.): History of the City of Weimar . 1976, plate 37.
  4. ↑ Axel Stefek: Weimar underground. The Lottenbach and the trenches as historical city waters . In: Weimar - Jena. The big city 4/4 . Verlag Vopelius, 2011, p. 241-261 .