Londorf basalt lava

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Londorfer basalt lava, pattern approx. 22 × 15 cm
Johanneskirche in Gießen made of Londorfer basalt lava

Londorfer basalt lava is a volcanic rock that is also called Londorfer Lungstein in the area where it occurs. The Londorfer basalt lava is mined in Rabenau-Londorf in the district of Giessen in the state of Hesse . This basaltic lava originated in the Miocene .

Rock description and mineral inventory

It is a gray to almost black olivine basalt . This basalt lava is dense to fine-grained and porous. The porous structure was created by trapped gases in a basic lava flow in the form of bubbles. Sometimes there are larger pores. The pore space is 16 percent.

The rock consists of 47 percent plagioclase , 26 percent augite , 14 percent olivine , 10 percent opaque minerals and other indefinable cryptocrystalline components. Its texture is directionless.

use

This basalt lava is frost and highly wear-resistant and cannot be polished. Churches, walls and castles were made from Londorfer basalt lava in the region around the municipality of Rabenau, whose largest district is Londorf . For example, the enclosing wall of the castle garden in Londorf from the years 1820 to 1830, the neo-Gothic village church Rabenau , Friedelhausen Castle and Arnsburg monastery were built. In addition, the Johanneskirche in Gießen and parts of the Hercules cascades in Kassel and the Protestant church in Grüningen are made of this basalt lava.

Due to its excellent technical properties and because it is almost weather-resistant , it was used from 1952 by the Cologne cathedral builder Willy Weyres at Cologne Cathedral as a replacement stone for replacement stones until 1998.

literature

  • W. Dienemann and O. Burre: The usable rocks of Germany and their deposits with the exception of coal, ores and salts, p. 96f, Enke-Verlag, Stuttgart 1929.
  • Wolf-Dieter Grimm: picture atlas of important monument rocks of the Federal Republic of Germany. Published by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, Lipp-Verlag, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-87490-535-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. Grimm: Denkmalgesteine, Gestein No. 037 (see literature).
  2. Kölner-Dom.de ( Memento of the original from December 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.koelner-dom.de

Similar types of natural stone