Lymania
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Lymania alvimii , habit and inflorescence |
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Lymania is a genus of plants from the subfamily Bromelioideae withinthe bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae). The nine Lymania species are only found in northeastern Brazil .
description
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Appearance and leaves
The Lymania species are epiphytic and terrestrial, evergreen, perennial herbaceous plants . They form stocks with long thin or short thick runners. A few coarse leaves sit on a compressed stem axis and form slim to tubular funnels in which water is often collected. The leaves are bent inwards about half their length, so that the cistern looks almost closed like an ampoule or bottle. The simple, parallel-veined, tongue-shaped leaves have spiky, serrated edges. The leaf colors range from blue-green to dark green to wine-red. There is scale hair.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescence stem is more or less long, so that, depending on the type of inflorescence, the slender leaf funnel does not or clearly protrudes. The bracts are mostly inconspicuous. In simple or branched speared inflorescence the blooms are arranged densely to very loosely spirally (polystich). The flowers are each over small, triangular bracts .
The relatively small, pentacyclic (five petal circles), hermaphrodite, radial symmetry flowers are threefold. The three green or red sepals are asymmetrical, 2.5 to 10 mm long and up to half their length fused together. The three free, mostly pure white to light blue petals have no scales (ligules) at their base. There are two circles with three stamens each, the stamens of which are free or fused with one another, but always fused with the petals. The smooth pollen is porous. Three carpels have become an under constant ovary grown, which is deeply grooved as an important feature of the genus or winged.
The flower formula is:
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fruit
The typically deeply grooved, almost spherical berries contain numerous seeds . In Lymania alvimii , the berries are dark blue when ripe and are attached to a coral-red inflorescence axis.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Lymania was first introduced in 1984 by Robert William Read in The "Evolution" of a new genus. Lymania gen. Nov. In: Journal of the Bromeliad Society , Volume 34, pp. 199-201 and 212-216 with the type species Lymania alvimii (LBSm. & RWRead) RWRead set up. The botanical genus name Lymania honors Lyman Bradford Smith , who significantly shaped the systematics of the Bromeliaceae family in the 20th century; in the first year of publication it was his 80th birthday.
Robert William Read established the genus Lymania in order to identify all species with deeply furrowed or winged ovaries (but also with Aechmea carvalhoi so) from the Taxa Aechmea subg. Merge Lamprococcus , Araeococcus and Ronnbergia . New species were described by Leme in 1987, 2006 and Leme Forzza in 2001. A first revision was carried out by De Sousa in 2004. Lymania is the first genus of the Bromelioideae, in which a complete analysis of the morphological characteristics and the chloroplast DNA regions: matK, psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF was carried out. Lymania is closest to the Aechmea subgenera Aechmea subg. Lamprococcus and Aechmea subg. Related to Ortigiesia . Lymania is monophyletic in today's scope and according to today's knowledge , while Aechmea in its current scope is certainly not.
The distribution area of the genus Lymania is limited to northeastern Brazil. Eight of the nine Lymania species occur only in the Brazilian state of Bahia ; a species also occurs in Pernambuco and Alagoas .
| There are about nine types of Lymania : |
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literature
- Werner Rauh : Bromeliads. Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990. ISBN 3-8001-6371-3 ( Lymania p. 385)
- Leandro de Oliveira Furtado de Sousa, Tânia Wendt, Gregory K. Brown, Dorothy E. Tuthill & Timothy M. Evans: Monophyly and phylogenetic relationships in Lymania (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on morphology and chloroplast DNA sequences , In: Systematic Botany , Volume 32, 2007, pp. 264-270. doi: 10.1600 / 036364407781179707
- Robert William Read: The "Evolution" of a new genus. Lymania gen. Nov. In: Journal of the Bromeliad Society , Volume 34, 1984, pp. 199-201 and 212-216.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jason R. Grant An Annotated Catalog of the Generic Names of the Bromeliaceae , In: The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 1998. (Origin of the generic names in the family of the Bromeliaceae in English)
- ↑ Leandro de Oliveira Furtado de Sousa: Revisão taxonômica e filogenia do gênero Lymania Read (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) , MS thesis, 2004, Rio de Janeiro Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
- ^ Harry E. Luther: An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials , 2008 in The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens , Sarasota, Florida, USA. Published by The Bromeliad Society International .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j In “Species Index” click on Lymania at Eric J. Gouda, Derek Butcher, Kees Gouda: Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads , Version 3.1 (2012). last accessed on December 17, 2014
Web links
- Lymania on Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- Datasheet for the genus.
Map with all linked sites: