Martyrs of Valenciennes

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The Ursulines of Valenciennes after the death sentence was pronounced in October 1794
At the guillotine (both depictions from J. Loridan: Les Ursulines de Valenciennes avant et pendant la terreur , Paris 1901)

As Märtyrinnen Valenciennes or ursulinische Märtyrinnen eleven sisters of the convent of be Ursulines of Valenciennes designated after the French Revolution during the war against Austria were executed in northern France after the victory of the revolutionary forces for alleged violations of the French religious laws. The sisters were accused of reopening and running a girls' school, contrary to the government ban. After their arrest, the eleven sisters were guillotined in two groups, on October 17 and 23, 1794, in Valenciennes . Although the superior , Sr. Marie-Clotilde Paillot, took responsibility for the actions of the Ursulines before the tribunal, the whole convent was sentenced to death. The Ursuline martyrs are venerated in the Roman Catholic Church as blessed virgins and martyrs .

Condemnation and Martyrdom

After the revolutionary government closed down many religious houses and schools whose premises confiscated and the religious had driven, the Ursulines of Valenciennes fled into the religious house of the Sisters of Mons in time to the Habsburg monarchy belonging Belgium . However, after Austria's invasion of northern France, the convent returned to Valenciennes in an area that was now under the Austrians and reopened its school. Even after the reconquest by the French, the sisters continued to teach in the monastery.

On October 17, 1794, five of the nuns were tried for treason , crossing borders without permission, holding a school that was considered illegal, and wearing "prohibited clothing", where they freely admitted to giving Catholic religious instruction at the school. She was then sentenced to death. A few days later the superior and, except for one, all the other sisters of the convent were sentenced and led to the scaffold in a cart . Before the execution, the superior declared that the sisters were dying for the faith of the Catholic Church. The last sister, Jeanne Louise Barré, who was probably inadvertently ignored in the condemnation of the convent, joined her fellow sisters at the scaffold, where they sang the Lauretan litany .

The convent also included Sr. Josephine Leroux, bourgeois Anne-Josepha Leroux (1747–1794), who had originally been a Poor Clare , but after the dissolution of her convent and an interim stay with her family in Mons joined the expelled Ursulines and according to their rule lived because her biological sister belonged to the convent as Ursuline. Two other sisters, Anne-Marie Erraux and Françoise Lacroix, had been Birgittesses , but had asked to be admitted to the Ursulines because their convent could not continue. These three are therefore also counted among the ursuline martyrs.

The names of the sisters killed are:

  • Marie-Clotilde Paillot, Superior
  • Marie Louise Ducret
  • Marie Magdalen Desjardin
  • Marie Louise Vanot
  • Françoise Lacroix
  • Margaret Leroux
  • Anne-Marie Erraux
  • Anne-Josepha Leroux
  • Gabrielle Bourla
  • Jeanne Louise Barré
  • Jeanne Rievie Prin

Adoration

Pope Benedict XV the eleven ursulinischen Märtyrinnen on June 13, 1920 spoke saved . Her feast day is October 23 . In martyrology Roman they are listed on days from 17 to 26 October. Her attributes in Christian iconography are the martyr's palm and the scaffold.

See also

Web links

Commons : Martyrs of Valenciennes  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ French Revolution Martyrs. Abstract on the UK Ursuline website, accessed October 26, 2019.
  2. Josephine Leroux. Calendar sheet from October 26, 2019 on Katholisch.de , accessed on the same day.
  3. ^ J. Loridan, Les Ursulines de Valenciennes - avant et pendant la Terreur , Desclée de Brouwer editions, Paris, Lille (1901), pp. 242-245