Maria Pinto
| Maria Pinto | ||
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Coordinates: 33 ° 31 ′ S , 71 ° 7 ′ W .
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| Basic data | ||
| Country | Chile | |
| region | Metropolitan Region of Santiago | |
| Residents | 13,590 (2017) | |
| Detailed data | ||
| surface | 395 km 2 | |
| Population density | 34 people / km 2 | |
| Waters | Estero Puangue | |
| prefix | +56 2 | |
| Time zone | UTC −4 | |
| City Presidency | Jessica Paola del Carmen Mualim Fajuri (2020) | |
| Website | ||
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María Pinto is a municipality in the Melipilla Province , Región Metropolitana de Santiago in Chile . It has 13,590 inhabitants, half of whom live in the village and the rest in the rural area (as of 2017).
geography
María Pinto is located about 70 km west of the capital Santiago , embedded in the wide valley of the Estero Puangue river between the steeply rising mountains of the coastal cordillera, which in this zone separate the higher-lying valley basin of Santiago from the coastal region of the port cities of Valparaíso and San Antonio . The community area is around 395 km 2 .
history
In mid-1536, the Spanish conquistador Diego de Almagro and his entourage were the first Europeans to reach what is now the municipality of María Pinto. They came from the direction of the Casablanca valley over the pass at Ibacache into the Puanguetal. In search of riches and gold, they largely ignored the valley because there was nothing like it to be found. They then moved on along the Puangue in the direction of today's Melipilla. A little later Almagro broke off his expedition of discovery and conquest and returned to Peru.
What remained was a rudimentary knowledge of the population. At that time, several groups of indigenous people lived scattered all over the valley of the Puangue, in small settlements with up to 10 huts. The Spaniards generally referred to the inhabitants as picones , but differentiated the individual groups by the names of their clan chiefs, who were dubbed Kazike . These had fields in demarcated areas, which, however, were not within a boundary, but rather scattered from each other. The plots were probably occasionally traded among themselves. It is known that corn and melons were grown and an irrigation system was in place.
The second Spanish invasion, led by Pedro de Valdivia , reached the central region from 1540. The war that sparked over the newly founded Santiago del Nuevo Extremo in the Mapocho Valley initially prevented the young colony from expanding further for a few years. The Puanguetal, which is separated from the Mapochotal by high, barely surmountable mountains, remained largely outside of Spanish control for the next ten years because of its isolated location and only served as a transit route between Santiago and the coast.
The first encomienda in the zone was given to Juan Bautista de Pastene by Pedro de Valdivia at the end of 1550 in Curacaví, bordering to the north . In the following 50 years the area of today's María Pinto was colonized. By 1600 there were already a few estancias , some of which belonged to the descendants of Pastene. In the following hundred years about six estancias shared the entire current municipal area of about 395 square kilometers. This large estate proved to be stable over the generations. With the exception of the areas where the urban centers of María Pinto and Los Rulos are today. There the area was heavily parceled out in the 18th century and small settlements grew.
In 1903 María Pinto received its own municipal administration.
economy
María Pinto is mainly influenced by agriculture. There is no industry. The most important source of income for the city administration are the fees that are incurred every year in March for the renewal of the road traffic license for motor vehicles.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ilustre Municipalidad de María Pinto (accessed January 5, 2020)
- ^ Instituto Nacional de Estadistica. Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Resultados Censo 2017 (accessed January 5, 2020)
- ↑ Ramón, Armando de (1927-2004): Descubrimiento de Chile y compañeros de Almagro . Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile 1953, p. 72 ( Memoria Chilena - Documents ).
- ^ Borde, Jean / Gongora, Mario: Evolución de la propiedad rural en el Valle de Puangue. Universitaria, Santiago de Chile 1956, p. 40-42 ( Memoria Chilena - Documentos ).
- ^ Borde 1956, p. 86
- ^ Borde 1956, p. 118
- ^ Greve Schlegel, Ernesto: La mensura general 1602-1605, Antecdentes históricos. En Colección de historiadores de Chile y de documentos relativos a la historia nacional ,. Tomo 48 Mensuras de Ginés de Lillo . Santiago 1941, p. 84 ( Memoria Chilena - Documentos ).
- ↑ Borde 1956, Mapa Predial 1604
- ↑ Borde 1956, Mapa Predial 1690
- ^ Borde 1956, p. 89
- ^ A b El Mercurio, Ediciones Especiales Online. María Pinto: De vuelta a las raíces (accessed on September 17, 2008)