Marcus Iulius Cottius

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Marcus Iulius Cottius was a Ligurian king and Roman prefect over the peoples he ruled at the end of the 1st century BC. Chr.

Cottius was the son of King Donnus , who still ruled his kingdom in the Alps independently of Rome , while Cottius maintained a friendly relationship with Augustus , although he initially opposed him. Vitruvius already knew between 30 and 20 BC. The regnum Cottii , the kingdom of Cottius, which is also mentioned several times by Strabo . Under his rule the via Cottia , an important trade route through the Cottian Alps , named after him was built. It connected Augusta Taurinorum , today's Turin , with Vapincum , today's Gap , and led through the Susa valley over the 1850 meter high pass at Matrona Mons . The inscription of the year 9/8 BC The arch of honor , erected by Cottius in honor of Augustus in Susa , the ancient Segusio , names 14 peoples who were under his rule. Pliny expressly notes that, unlike others, they were not hostile to the Romans and, for this reason, were not mentioned in the list of subjugated peoples on the Tropaeum Alpium . The reconciliation with Augustus is therefore in connection with his campaigns in the central Alps of the year 15 BC. Seen. They probably led to an official foedus between Cottius and Rome, as a result of which the kingdom of Cottius around the year 13 BC. Incorporated into the Roman Empire, Cottius himself was appointed praefectus civitatium and was thus able to maintain extensive autonomy.

Cottius got one in the rank of eques the Roman citizenship and led then on the Roman name Marcus Julius Cottius , said Gentil Omen Julius Augustus, the praenomen Marcus possibly from the 12 v. Close confidante of Augustus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa , who died in BC . An inscription for Agrippa, which was placed by the sons (?) Of Cottius, is known from Segusio and illustrates his relationship to the city and kingdom of Cottius.

Cottius, who probably had at least two sons, including his successor named Gaius Iulius Donnus, was buried in Segusio and received a heroon there . His position as prefect seems to have been hereditary, and with his grandson of the same name, Marcus Iulius Cottius, one of his descendants again held the title rex , which Claudius had given him. As Alpes Cottiae , the territory under Nero became a Roman province .

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Spickermann: Cottius [1]. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 3, Metzler, Stuttgart 1997, Col. 215 gives the unused form M. Iulius Donnus as the father's name .
  2. ↑ Ammianus Marcellinus 15:10, 2.
  3. ↑ Vitruvius 8: 3, 17.
  4. ↑ Strabo 4,6,6; 4,1,3,178 f .; 5,1,11,217.
  5. ↑ CIL 05, 07231
  6. ↑ Pliny, Naturalis historia 3.24.
  7. ^ Christian Witschel : The perception of Augustus in Gaul, in the Illyricum and in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire. In: Detlev Kreikenbom , Karl-Uwe Mahler, Patrick Schollmeyer , Thomas M. Weber (eds.): Augustus - The view from the outside. The perception of the emperor in the provinces of the empire and in the neighboring states. Files from the international conference at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz from October 12th to 14th, 2006 (= royalty, state and society of early high cultures. Volume 8). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-447-05715-8 , pp. 41–119, here: p. 92.
  8. ^ Giovanella Cresci Marrone: Segusio e il processo d'integrazione nella romanità. In: Bimillenario dell'arco. Atti del convegno, 2nd - 3rd October (= Segusium. Volume 31). Segusium, Susa 1994, pp. 185-196, here: pp. 186 f .; Christian Witschel: The perception of Augustus in Gaul, in the Illyricum and in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire. In: Detlev Kreikenbom, Karl-Uwe Mahler, Patrick Schollmeyer, Thomas M. Weber (eds.): Augustus - The view from the outside. The perception of the emperor in the provinces of the empire and in the neighboring states. Files from the international conference at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz from October 12th to 14th, 2006 (= royalty, state and society of early high cultures. Volume 8). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-447-05715-8 , pp. 41–119, here: p. 92.
  9. ↑ AE 1996, 971 .
  10. ↑ Cesare Letta: La dinastia dei Cozii e la romanizzazione delle Alpi occidentali. In: Athenaeum. Volume 54, 1976, pp. 44-50.
  11. ↑ Ammianus Marcellinus 15:10, 7.
  12. ↑ Cassius Dio 60,24,4.
  13. ^ Suetonius , Nero 1.
personal data
SURNAME Cottius, Marcus Iulius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Cottius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ligurian king
DATE OF BIRTH 1st century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 1st century BC BC or 1st century