Margarete Junge

Margarete Junge (born April 14, 1874 in Lauban ; † April 19, 1966 Dresden ) was a German designer of furniture and decorative objects. She was the first woman to receive a professorship at the Dresden Art Academy .

Life

Margarete Junge received private painting lessons at an early age, presumably from Wilhelm Claudius , and attended the drawing school of the Dresden Women's Trade Association for two years. Around 1894 she attended the women's academy of the Munich Artists ' Association for two years . In 1898 she returned to Dresden.

In 1901 she took part in the exhibition The Art in the Life of Children in Berlin with design work on furniture and art objects . From 1901 to 1920 she also worked as a designer for the Dresden workshops for craftsmanship by Schmidt and Müller and for the workshops for German household items by Theophil Müller in Dresden-Striesen . These houses aimed at a comprehensive reform of the arts and crafts and saw themselves in the tradition of handicrafts, as a reaction to the fast-moving mass production that had arisen since the middle of the 19th century, which stylistically made use of the richness of forms of past eras. Around 1900 arts and crafts companies emerged in Dresden, which, in contrast to other rather elitist workshops or artists' associations, were engaged in the production of simple and inexpensive furniture for a large group of customers and thus achieved considerable exhibition and sales success. Together with Gertrud Kleinhempel , Margarete Junge designed almost everything that was manufactured for the workshops for German household items in particular : living room, dining room, master's room, bedroom and complete home furnishings.

In 1902 Margarete Junge took part in the international arts and crafts exhibition in Turin. In 1904 she exhibited for the Saxon arts and crafts at the World Exhibition in St. Louis in the USA. Many other art exhibitions followed before she was appointed professor at the Royal Saxon School of Applied Arts.

In 1905 she created craft weaving mills for the textile printing company De-We-Tex (Deutsche Werkstätten Textil). In 1907 she was the first woman to be employed as a teacher at the Dresden School of Applied Arts. In 1915 she became a professor at the Royal Saxon School of Applied Arts in Dresden for "drawing patterns, designing artistic female handicrafts and items of clothing as well as designing in the architectural arts and crafts".

After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, Junge lost her professorship in the spring of 1933. From then on she lived in seclusion on the outskirts of Dresden in Hellerau . On behalf of the Dresden company Villeroy & Boch , she painted white porcelain in the 1930s and 1940s. Margarete Junge died in Dresden-Hellerau in 1966; her urn was buried in the old Klotzsche cemetery.

Exhibitions (selection)

• 1901: Berlin, Art in the Child's Life
• 1901: Dresden, international art exhibition
• 1902: Turin, International Craft Exhibition
• 1904: World Exhibition in St. Louis , USA
• 1905: Munich, international art exhibition
• 1905: Berlin, exhibition in the department for modern applied arts, A. Wertheim department store on Leipziger Platz
• 1906: Dresden, Third German Applied Arts Exhibition in Dresden
• 1908: Dresden, large art exhibition
• 1981: Dresden, exhibition in the gallery " Art of Time "
• 2003: Dresden, exhibition of the University of Fine Arts
• 2012: Leipzig, Grassi Museum for Applied Arts , permanent exhibition: Art Nouveau to the present day , reception room from the “Workshops for German Household Goods”, Theophil Müller

literature

• Marion Welsch, Jürgen Vietig (ed.): Margarete Junge: Artist and teacher on the move into modernity , Sandstein, Dresden, 2016, ISBN 978-3-95498-218-9
• Cordula Bischoff, Igor Jenzen: Margarete Junge . In: 100 years of Wendt & Kühn. Dresden Modernism from the Ore Mountains . Chemnitzer Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-944509-31-0 , p. 35 .
• Friederike Berger: Margarete Junge , in: Tulga Beyerle , Klára Němečková (eds.): Against Invisibility: Designers of the Deutsche Werkstätte Hellerau, 1898-1938 . Munich: Hirmer, 2018 ISBN 978-3-7774-3218-2 , pp. 196f.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Jürgen Vietig: The designer Prof. Margarete Junge and Dresden - 50 years after her death. New knowledge about the place of birth and burial place. Retrieved April 16, 2017 . 
2. ^ Anna Pauline Weinke: Margarete Junge (1874–1966) . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
3. ↑ Gertrud Kleinhempel (1875–1948). Professor and Designer. Internet portal Westphalian history. Retrieved December 17, 2015 . 
4. ↑ Margarete Junge - Life and Aftermath: An Overview. In: margaretejunge.de. Margarete Junge Gesellschaft eV, accessed on November 24, 2018 . 

Web links

• Anna Pauline Weinke: Margarete Junge (1874–1966) . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
• Margarete Junge. City wiki Dresden. 2005, accessed December 18, 2015 . 
• Boy, Margarete. In: Street names in Dresden - a man's business? Frauenstadtarchiv Dresden, 2005, p. 15 , accessed on November 24, 2018 (part 1 of the women's street names brochure ). 
• Marion Welsch, Jürgen Vietig: Margarete Junge: Artist and teacher on the move into the modern age. Margarete Junge Gesellschaft eV 2017, accessed on March 17, 2017 (Margarete Junge Gesellschaft eV website with information on the life and aftermath of Margarete Junge, as well as exhibitions and events.). 
• Jürgen Vietig: The designer Prof. Margarete Junge and Dresden - 50 years after her death. New knowledge about the place of birth and burial place. Retrieved April 16, 2017 .