Maria Radziwiłł

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Maria Lupu-Radziwiłł, around 1733/37, after a contemporary copper engraving

Maria Radziwill (nee Maria Lupu ; * to 1625 in Moldavia , † 14 / 15. January 1660 in Lutsk , Poland-Lithuania ) was a Moldovan patron and wife of Lithuanian Großhetmans Janusz Radziwill .

Life

Maria Lupu with her previous wife Katarzyna Potocka, painting by Johann Schretter 1646

Maria was a daughter of the Moldovan prince Vasile Lupu and Tudosca Bucioc. Her sister Ruxandra became the wife of the military leader Timofej Chmelnicki , her half-brother Ștefăniță Lupu later Prince of Moldova. Maria received an education, afterwards she had knowledge of Greek and Latin, and later also learned Polish.

In 1645 she married the Grand Chamberlain of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Janusz Radziwiłł after the death of his first wife Katarzyna. This marriage was intended to strengthen the political alliance between the Principality of Moldova and Poland-Lithuania. The pompous ceremony in the cathedral in Jassy (Iasi) was chaired by the Kiev Metropolitan Petro Mohyla . The bride was praised in contemporary reports for her beauty and splendid jewelry.

Maria brought a dowry from her father into the marriage, from her husband she received 45,000 złoty, as well as diamonds, gold and silver worth 15,000 złoty, and some land from the Polish king Władysław IV . The honeymoon took them to Italy.

In 1652, the Protestant husband founded a small Orthodox monastery in his seat in Kedyny (Kėdainiai), Mary's father made donations for the inventory, and Mary also gave something. After Janusz Radziwiłl's death in 1655, Maria led a long and sometimes unsuccessful legal battle over part of his inheritance.

Maria Radziwiłł supported Orthodox churches in Poland-Lithuania and the Principality of Moldova. In her will from November 1659, she bequeathed the Holy Spirit Monastery in Vilnius 200,000 PLN, 13 other monasteries, 7 churches, hospitals and a school 471,000 PLN. She was buried in the Orthodox Trinity Monastery in Slutsk. There were also disputes about her inheritance.

Maria (Lupu) Radziwiłł has been portrayed several times. At least eight paintings and engravings have survived.

In 1917, her zinc coffin was removed from the Trinity Monastery in Lutsk. Since 2018 there has been a Maria Lupu-Radvilienė Essay Contest in Kėdainiai , where she had lived for a long time, organized by the Romanian Embassy in Lithuania.

literature

  • Lilia Zabolotnaia: The history of the private life of Maria (Lupu) Radziwiłł reflected in the images of the epoch . In: Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio M, Balcaniensis et Carpathiensis . Vol. 2. 2017. pp. 209–221. with a lot of information about their life
  • Lilia Zabolotnaia: The Riddles, Myths and Facts concerning Maria (Lupu) Radziwiłł's Last Will and Testament . In: Istorija, Lietuvos ... . No. 97, 1. Vilnius 2015. pp. 5–25. PDF

Web links

Commons : Maria Lupu  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dariusz Milewski: Between a magnate and a Cossack: two marriages of Vasile Lupu's daughters. In: Series Byzantina. Vol. 6. 2008. pp. 45-64, here pp. 53f. PDF , with detailed description
  2. ^ Valentin Constantinov: Małżeństwo Marii Lupu z Januszem Radziwiłłem [The wedding of Maria Lupu with Janusz Radziwiłł] . In: Radziwiłłowie w służbie Marsa . 2017. pp. 151–159.
  3. ↑ Lilia Zabolotnaia: The Riddles, Myths and Facts concerning Maria (Lupu) Radziwiłł's Last Will and Testament . In: Istorija . No. 97, 1. 2015. pp. 5–25, here p. 18 PDF
  4. ↑ Lilia Zabolotnaia: Testament of Moldavian princess Maria (Lupu) Radziwill from 1659 (Testamentul principesei Maria (Lupu) Radziwill din 1659) . In: Tyragetia . XIII. No. 2. 2019. pp. 79-100. (Romanian)
  5. ↑ Lilia Zabolotnaia: The history of the private life of Maria (Lupu) Radziwiłł reflected in the images of the epoch . In: Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio M, Balcaniensis et Carpathiensis . Vol. 2. 2017. pp. 209–221 PDF with descriptions and photos
  6. ↑ Maria Lupu-Radvilienė Essay Contest 2020 Vilnius.mae (English)
personal data
SURNAME Radziwiłł, Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lupu, Maria (maiden name); Radziwiłłowa, Maria (Polish name); Radvilienė, Maria (Lithuanian form of name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Moldovan patroness and wife of the Lithuanian grand hetman Janusz Radziwiłł
DATE OF BIRTH around 1625
PLACE OF BIRTH Principality of Moldova
DATE OF DEATH January 14, 1660 or January 15, 1660
Place of death Sluzk , Poland-Lithuania