Slutsk

Slutsk | Slutsk
Слуцк | Слуцк
( Belarus. ) | ( Russian )
coat of arms flag
State :	Belarus
Woblasz :	Minsk
Coordinates :	53 ° 1 ′  N , 27 ° 33 ′  E Coordinates: 53 ° 1 ′  N , 27 ° 33 ′  E
Area :	24.6  km²
Residents :	61,444 (2009)
Population density :	2,498 inhabitants per km²
Time zone :	Moscow time ( UTC + 3 )
Telephone code :	(+375) 1795
Postal code :	BY - 223610
License plate :	5
Slutsk

Sluzk ( Belarusian Слуцк or Слуцак , Russian Слуцк , Polish Słuck ) is a city in Belarus on the Slutsch River in Minskaya Woblasz with 61,444 inhabitants (2009).

history

Slutsk is one of the oldest cities in Rus and was first mentioned in 1116. In 1160 it became the capital of the independent principality of Slutsk . From the 14th century until the second partition of Poland in 1793, it belonged as part of the Nowogródek Voivodeship to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania or the Polish-Lithuanian aristocratic republic . In the 17th century the city was famous for the so-called Slutsk belt , which was worn by the nobles throughout the empire.

From 1793 to 1917 Slutsk was a district town and part of the Minsk Governorate within the Russian Empire. In 1915, in the course of the First World War, the staff of the 2nd Russian Army established its headquarters in the city.

In February 1918 the city was occupied by German troops. In the same year the Belarusian National Committee was established in the city. After the expulsion of the Belarusian nationalists by Bolshevik forces, Slutsk became part of the Belarusian SSR for the first time on January 1, 1919 . On February 27, 1919, Slutsk was incorporated into the short-lived Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR .

From August 10, 1919 to July 15, 1920, the city was occupied by Polish troops during the Polish-Soviet War . In November and December 1920, Slutsk became the center of an anti-Bolshevik uprising . After the uprising was suppressed, Slutsk belonged to the Belarusian SSR within the Soviet Union from 1921 to 1991 , interrupted by three years of German occupation.

Shortly after the outbreak of the German-Soviet War , Slutsk was conquered by German troops. In 1941, the German Reserve Police Battalion 11 , which was subordinate to the 707th Infantry Division of the Wehrmacht , carried out massacres in the Sluzk-Kleck area, in which 5,900 Jews were murdered.

In 1943 one was in Slutsk for Jews from around the ghetto built its occupants under the direction of SS - Hauptscharführer Adolf turnip were killed, which the also for the murder of inmates Minsk ghetto was responsible.

On March 8, 1944, Adolf Hitler declared the city a "fixed place" . In contrast to many other “fixed places”, Slutsk was not bitterly defended by German troops and was recaptured by Soviet troops on June 30, 1944 as part of Operation Bagration . During the Second World War, most of the historic buildings in the city were destroyed.

Since 1991 Slutsk has been part of the independent state of Belarus.

coat of arms

Description: In blue, a silver rearing Pegasus with a red saddlecloth, on which a golden crown hovers over a monogram, stands on a bent green shield base .

Sports

The city is home to the FK Sluzk football club .

sons and daughters of the town

• Boris Ignatowitsch (1899–1976), Soviet photographer
• Lidsija Jarmoschyna (* 1953), chairwoman of the central Belarusian commission for elections and referenda
• Juri Schewzow (* 1959), handball trainer and former handball player
• Mikhail Jakimowitsch (* 1967), handball player
• Nastassja Prakapenka (* 1985), pentathlete
• Aljaksej Kischou (* 1986), handball goalkeeper
• Nastassja Mirontschyk-Iwanowa (* 1989), long jumper

literature

• Walter Hubatsch (ed.): Hitler's instructions for warfare 1939–1945. Bernard & Graefe Verlag für Wehrwissen, Frankfurt / Main 1962.
• Ляхоўскі Ул., Міхнюк Ул., Гесь А .: Слуцкі збройны чын 1920 г. у дакумэнтах і ўспамінах , Менск, 2001 (U. Liakhouski, U. Mikjniuk, A. Hes: The Sluzker Defense Action of 1920 in Documents and Memoirs , Minsk 2001).

Web links

Commons : Sluzk  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Unofficial website of the city of Slutsk: coat of arms, city map, photos (in Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Liakhouski, Mikjniuk, Hes: The Sluzker Defense Action
2. ^ Jürgen Förster: Wehrmacht, War and Holocaust. In: Rolf-Dieter Müller, Hans-Erich Volkmann (Hrsg.): The Wehrmacht. Myth and Reality. Munich 1999, p. 958.
3. ^ Correspondence and Report Concerning the Aktion of Police Battalion 11 in Sluzk October 27, 1941. TRANSLATION OF DOCUMENT 1104-PS. Source: Office of United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality: Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression . Volume III USGPO, Washington, 1946 / pp. 783–789 Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ↑ Hubatsch: Hitler's instructions for warfare , pp. 243-250.