Stoubzy

Stoubzy | Stolbzy
Стоўбцы | Столбцы
( Belarus. ) | ( Russian )
State :	Belarus
Woblasz :	Minsk
Coordinates :	53 ° 29 ′  N , 26 ° 44 ′  E Coordinates: 53 ° 29 ′  N , 26 ° 44 ′  E
Residents :	15,367 (2008)
Time zone :	Moscow time ( UTC + 3 )
Stoubzy

Stoubzy ( Belarusian Стоўбцы , Russian Столбцы , Polish Stołpce ) is a small town in Belarus in the Minskaya Woblasz on the Memel , west of Minsk . It is the administrative seat (county seat) of the Stoubzy Rajons .

traffic

Stoubzy is located on the main Belaruskaja chyhunka railway line and on the motorway from Brest via Minsk to Moscow. Until 1939 the border station to the Soviet Union on the Polish side was located here. On the Soviet side was the border station Njeharelaje (Russian Njegoreloje ).

history

Stoubzy was founded in 1593. Until the Polish partitions, it belonged to Poland-Lithuania , then to Russia . A shtetl with a large Jewish population existed here for a long time .

Between 1919 and 1921 in the Polish-Soviet War , Stoubzy was in contested territory and finally came to the Republic of Poland.

Polish-Soviet railroad border crossing in 1934

In August 1924, when Stoubzy was on the eastern border of the Second Polish Republic , a border incident occurred in which Soviet armed forces attacked the local police and government buildings in order to free two captured communist activists. After the beginning of the Second World War in 1939, Stoubzy was initially in the Soviet-occupied eastern part of Poland and was added to the Belarusian SSR. In June 1941, more than 3,000 Jews lived in the city, including several hundred refugees from German-occupied parts of Poland. From 1941 to 1944 the city was occupied by Germans. After a week of occupation, Germans shot around 200 Jews together with several dozen non-Jewish victims, allegedly in retaliation for attacks on German soldiers. On September 23, 1942, 450 Jews were sent to their workplaces while 750 Jews, mostly women, were shot in the forest. 850 either managed to escape or they hid in the ghetto. On October 2, another 488 Jews, mostly women and children, were shot. Another 350 Jews were murdered on October 11th. On January 31, 1943, the remaining 254 Jews, including those who came from Novy Swerschen, were shot. In the days that followed, captured Jews were also murdered and 293 Jews were shot on February 4, 1943. Some of the Jews who fled the ghetto survived by joining the Bielski partisans in the nearby Naliboki Forest. After the end of the war, Stoubzy came back to the Belarusian SSR, which became the independent Republic of Belarus after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Латушкін А. Заснаванне г. Стоўбцы (Свержна), Верхняе Панямонне . Вып. 1. Мінск 2012. С. 7-29
2. ↑ David R. Stone, "The August 1924 Raid on Stolptsy, Poland, and the Evolution of Soviet Active Intelligence, Intelligence and National Security , vol. 21, no. 3 (June 2006), pp. 331-341
3. ↑ YAHAD - IN UNUM .