Mark Michelstadt

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The Mark Michelstadt describes a historical territory in the Odenwald and is considered the forerunner of today's city ​​of Michelstadt .

history

The area was converted by the missionary Kilian around the end of the 7th century . It was first mentioned in 741 in a deed of donation from the Franconian royal crown to Bishop Burkhard von Würzburg. Einhard , who had held many positions and offices for Charlemagne , received the Michelstadt mark as a gift from his son Ludwig the Pious in 815 in gratitude for his achievements . According to the deed of donation, 14 servants and 40 male and female serfs lived in the marrow at this time; the core settlement Michlinstat also had a wooden basilica.

Einhard, for his part, transferred the Michelstadt mark back to Lorsch Abbey in 819 . At that time, the size of the mark was about 260 square kilometers. With the transfer of the Lorsch Monastery to the Archbishopric of Mainz on February 24, 1232 and the resulting disputes between Mainz and the Electoral Palatinate as the owner of the Bailiwick , the Schenken von Erbach were able to achieve a unification of the Mark Michelstadt with surrounding areas to form a coherent domain, was recognized by the neighboring princes. With that, the Michelstadt mark went up in the county of Erbach.

expansion

A detailed description of the Michelstadt mark is available in addition to the deed of donation as Document 21 in the Lorsch Codex . It vividly depicts the boundaries of the area with the place names, some of which still exist today. A translation of the Latin text can be found by Karl Josef Minst:

"These border points and the names of the places are referred to as follows: The demarcation begins at the Mamenhart mountain (" mountain forest ", hill north of the village of Momart , south of Bad König) and moves the whole mountain to the platea (Roman road still used in the Middle Ages), move on to the Doppeleiche, from there to a border point in the middle between Ulenbuch (Roman fort and forest near Eulbach ) and Rumpheshusen ("rubble houses", probably the ruins of the Roman fort Hainhaus north-west of Vielbrunn ) through to the Großer Eiche (above the Wattenbach creek an der Alten Eichen-Schneiße southeast of Eulbach Castle - see document no. 93), from the oak to the bed of the Bramaha (Bramach: Ohrbach, on which Braubuch is located or the upper reaches of the Wattenbach), then downstream into the Wullinebach (Weilbach, now Gönsbach, Wilbich or Eulbach), then upstream to Lapideus rivulus ("Steinbächlein"; side stream of the Gözs, upper Wilbichtal or Wildensteiner Tälchen), from there to Wullineburch (Weilburg, Roman fort near Würzberg or Eulbach-Ulenbuch), through one gate, out through the other, from there to the banks of the Euterun (Jutra, Yutra, Euteraha, Euterbach , Euter , Itterbach, Itter; flows into the Neckar near Eberbach), downstream to the Langenvirst (Langfirst, Langenforst on the right bank of the Itter), then rises to the Langenforst ridge and over it to the Breittensol (spread, swampy plateau, mound, swamp), from there through the Eichendal (Rindengrund or Small valley from the long forest to the Bullauer Grund, maybe also the Bullauer Grund itself) to the river Urtella ("Auertälchen"; Ortel in the Falckengesäßer forest? Hörtel near Olfen? Schöllenbach? Bullauer Grund? A small river in the Bullauer Grund, which flows into the Gänsbrunnen?), upstream to the Vinsterbuch (Wald am Krähberg? today's Kondelle?), from there to Phaphenstein Einhardi ("Einhards Pfaffenstein" between Krähberg and Reisenkreuz), from Pfaffenstein via Richgeres sneiten (Richgers Schneiße; where?), from there to the top (highest point ) of the Clophendales ("Spießal", Glofental) to Clophenberk ("Spießberg": the Mittelberg east of Krähberg or Königsruck), from there to the Cuningesbrunnen (Königsbrunnen am Königsruck not far from Schlo ß Krähberg or a source of the Himbachel ), Himbächel down to the Mimelingen ( Mümling ), upstream to the Manegoldescella (Mangolds hermitage, formerly above the village of Weschnitz, perhaps on the site of today's Walpurgis chapel; see. Document No. 6a), then into the river Mosaha ( Mossau , left tributary of the Mümling), upstream to the Geroidesbrunnen (Geroldsquelle, a source brook of the Mossau brook), from there to the elbow (probably a hill nose or an angle in the border line), into the river Branbach ( Brombach , Langenbrombach, Braubach?), downstream into the Mümling, from the same to the oak (near Bad König, whose old name is Cuntichum = Kündeiche (?)), between Grascapht (Grafschaft; the Mark Michelstadt, which to the Gaugrafschaft Plumgau belonged) and Munitat (immunity, Munitat, Montat, Reich immediacy of the Fulda area Umstadt), from there again to the Mamenhart mountains. "

- Lorsch Codex

The Heidelberg University Library provides a digital facsimile of the document from the Bavarian State Archives .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Günther Binding: Multis arte fuit utilis - Einhard as an organizer at the Aachener Hof and as a builder in Steinbach and Seligenstadt
  2. ↑ Hermann Schefers: Einhard - A picture of life from the Carolingian time . Edited by the Einhard-Arbeitsgemeinschaft eV, reprint from the history sheets of the Bergstrasse district, vol. 26, Heppenheim 1993. p. 15
  3. ↑ Codex Laureshamensis No. 20, 301f. , Website of Heidelberg University Library, accessed on January 4, 2017
  4. ↑ Document 21 for the Michelstädter district boundaries. Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex: German; Document book of the former prince abbey Lorsch (Volume 1): Chronicon. Documents nos. 1 - 166, with notes that report the history of the monastery from 764 - 1175 and with additions up to 1181 - Lorsch, 1966. http://archivum-laureshamense-digital.de/view/saw_mainz72/0016
  5. ↑ Codex Laureshamensis , website of Heidelberg University Library, accessed on January 4, 2017

literature

  • Einhard , The transmission and miracles of Saints Marcellinus and Peter , translated into German by Karl Esselborn, Darmstadt 1925; Unchanged reprint of this edition, published by Historischen Verein für Hessen, Darmstadt 1977.
  • Elisabeth Kleberger: Territorial history of the rear Odenwald (Grafschaft Erbach, Herrschaft Breuberg, Herrschaft Fränkisch-Crumbach). Self-published by the Hessian Historical Commission Darmstadt in 1958 (=  sources and research on Hessian history, Volume 19 ).