Martin Rudolph (archaeologist)

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Martin Viktor Wilhelm Rudolph (after 1945: Martin Rudolph-Greiffenberg ) (born December 1, 1908 in Langenöls , Kr. Nimptsch ; † April 10, 1993 in Innsbruck ) was a German civil engineer , archaeologist and building researcher with a doctorate .

Life

Born in Langenöls in Lower Silesia as the son of the local pastor Viktor Ernst Emanuel Rudolph (1870–1953), Martin Rudolph began studying architecture at the TH Dresden in 1929 . Later he moved to the TH Braunschweig , where he graduated with a diploma in 1935 and became a Dr.-Ing. received his doctorate.

As early as the 1930s he took part in the excavations in Haithabu , the Stellerburg in Schleswig-Holstein and the royal palace in Werla ; in Werla he was next to Hermann Schroller (1900-1959) the architectural director of the excavation.

After completing his doctorate, he was appointed head of the “Research Center for Prehistoric Building History”, which was newly founded as a department of the SS Ahnenerbes ; in June 1939 he received a teaching position for "Germanic Building" at the TH Braunschweig. On the other hand, a professorship he sought failed due to the lack of a habilitation.

At the end of 1939 Rudolph joined the NSDAP , and the following year also the SS , where he rose to Obersturmführer and was assigned to the personal staff of the Reichsführer SS . For 1939/40 he received a travel grant from the German Archaeological Institute . When the entire Germanic and German cultural heritage in South Tyrol was to be included in the course of the so-called option , Rudolph was given responsibility for “house research and construction” in the “cultural commission” of the heritage, founded in 1940 on Himmler's instructions . Until February 1945, when his office in Bolzano was closed, he systematically adopted the architecture of old German farmhouses. Rudolph also examined the farmhouses in isolated German settlement areas such as the Gottscheer Land in Slovenia (the majority of the population voted for resettlement to the German Reich in 1941). Rudolph saw the Germanic primeval house in the wooden one-room house with a porch in the Gottscheer Land.

After the Second World War he worked for the Landing Directorate in Innsbruck.

Fonts

  • The basics of timber construction from Haithabu , in: Offa 1, 1936, pp. 141–149.
  • Pfalz Werla: The building history results of the excavation in 1937 , in: Customer: Journal for Lower Saxony Archeology 6, 1938, pp. 106–118.
  • The reconstruction of the Stellerburg chamber house , in: Offa 2, 1937, pp. 96-104
  • The wattle construction of the house of Hambühren , in: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte 12, 1938, pp. 89–97.
  • Palatinate Werla. The historical results of the excavation in 1938 , in: Die Kunde: Zeitschrift für niedersächsische Archäologie 7, 1939, pp. 79–94.
  • Germanic timber construction from the Viking Age. 1. The architectural history results of the excavations on the Stellerburg in Dithmarschen. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1942.
  • The excavations of the royal palace Heinrich I. zu Werla , in: Herbert Jankuhn (Ed.): Report on the Kiel conference (research and teaching group “Das Ahnenerbe”). Wachholtz, Neumünster 1944, pp. 211–225.
  • The Burggräfler House. Development and renewal of alpine building culture on the Adige. Wagner University Press, Innsbruck 1960.
  • Tyrol's Olympic area: Innsbruck, Igls-Patscherkofel, Axamer Lizum, Seefeld. Verlag der Tiroler Graphik, Innsbruck 1963.
  • Alpine building culture in South Tyrol. Original form and perfect design. Athesia, Bozen 1982.
  • Building close to nature on the mountain . Tyrolia, Innsbruck u. a. 1986, ISBN 3-7022-1591-3

literature

  • Peter Trebsche: The travel grant recipients of the Roman-Germanic Commission . In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission 82, 2001, p. 532.
  • Markus C. Blaich : Under the spell of the zeitgeist - Hermann Schroller and the excavations on the Werla Palatinate from 1936 to 1939. In: Die Kunde NF 59, 2008, pp. 147–188.
  • Daniel Weßelhöft: From hard-working collaborators , activists and perpetrators. The Technical University of Braunschweig under National Socialism. Olms, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2012. ISBN 978-3-487-14737-6 , pp. 339–342.
  • Markus C. Blaich / Michael Geschwinde (ed.): Werla 1. The royal palace. Their history and the excavations 1875–1964 (= monographs of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum, vol. 126). Schnell & Steiner, Mainz / Regensburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-88467-245-7 , pp. 26 ff., 40 ff., 95 ff.
  • James R. Dow: Applied Popular Ideology. Heinrich Himmler's cultural commissions in South Tyrol and the Gottschee. StudienVerlag, Innsbruck / Vienna / Bozen 2018, ISBN 978-3-7065-5640-8 , pp. 71–78.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ City News. Official bulletin of the state capital Innsbruck No. 6 June 1993, service supplement, p. 3 (" deaths ").
  2. ↑ Dietmar Neß: Schlesisches Pfarrerbuch , Vol. 3: Wroclaw District, Part III. Evang. Publishing house, Leipzig 2014, ISBN 978-3-374-03887-9 , p. 140.
  3. ↑ Michael H. Kater : The "Ahnenerbe" of the SS 1935-1945. A contribution to the cultural policy of the Third Reich. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt., Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-421-01623-2 , p. 160 ff .; Michael Wedekind: "Völkische Grenzlandwissenschaft" in Tirol (1918-1945). From the scientific "defensive struggle" to flanking the Nazi expansion policy , in: Giuseppe Albertoni u. a. (Red.), Nationalism and Historiography - Nazionalismo e storiografica (= History and Region 5, 1996). Folio, Vienna / Bozen 1997, ISBN 3-85256-058-6 , p. 252 ff .; ders .: Culture Commission of the SS “Ahnenerbes” in South Tyrol , in: Michael Fahlbusch / Ingo Haar / Alexander Pinwinkler (eds.): Handbuch der Völkischen Wissenschaften. Actors, networks, research programs . Teilbd. 2: Research concepts, institutions, organizations, journals . de Gruyter / Oldenbourg, Berlin / Boston, 2nd, basic exp. u. revised Edition. 2017, ISBN 978-3-11-043891-8 , pp. 1866–1878.
  4. ^ Robert Born: Between Transylvania and Norway. Hermann Phleps' research on wooden architecture and its political instrumentalization under National Socialism , in: Magdalena Bushart, Agnieszka Gasior, Alena Janatkova (eds.): Art history in the occupied territories 1939–1945. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2016, p. 287.
  5. ↑ The material collected by Rudolph and his working group in South Tyrol has been edited by Helmut Stampfer since 1990 , cf. Vers .: Farms in South Tyrol: Inventories 1940–1943. Up to now 11 vols. Athesia, Bozen 1990–2017.
  6. ^ MV Rudolph: Rural architecture and living culture in the Etschland . In: Bozner Tagblatt , edition from 7./8. April 1945, p. 3.
  7. ↑ Michael Wedekind: Culture Commission of the SS "Ahnenerbes" at the German Resettlement Plenipotentiary for the Province of Laibach , in: Michael Fahlbusch / Ingo Haar / Alexander Pinwinkler (ed.): Handbuch der völkischen Wissenschaften. Actors, networks, research programs . Teilbd. 2: Research concepts, institutions, organizations, journals . de Gruyter / Oldenbourg, Berlin / Boston, 2nd, basic exp. u. revised Edition. 2017. ISBN 978-3-11-043891-8 , p. 1863.
personal data
SURNAME Rudolph, Martin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rudolph, Martin Viktor Wilhelm (full name); Rudolph-Greiffenberg, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German civil engineer, archaeologist and building researcher
DATE OF BIRTH December 1, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Long oil
DATE OF DEATH April 10, 1993
Place of death innsbruck