Matronae Andrusteihiae
The Andrusteihiae are matrons that have been handed down from Bonn and Cologne by four inscriptions on votive stones from the 2nd and 3rd centuries .
Finding and describing
Site Bonn
"Matronis / Andrusteihis / Iuli Romulus / et Peregrinus / s (olverunt) l (ibentes) m (erito)"
In 1867, a small limestone altar (27 × 15 × 6 cm) with the usual design features such as a base, cornice, gable and volutes was found in what was then Godesberg .
"Matronis / Andrus / teihabus / Bella / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)"
Location Cologne
- A spoil that was found under unknown circumstances in 1835 at the Weyertor (Cologne-Lindenthal). The altar stone was probably hewn angularly for building in the medieval city wall or in the Weiher monastery by knocking off the base and the volutes.
"Matronis / Andruste / hiabus / L (ucius) Silvinius / Respectus / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)"
- A limestone fragment of the upper left corner of an altar with a partially preserved gable, found in 1949 under unknown circumstances, on the narrow side of which a tree with two birds is depicted in a framed field.
"Mat [ronis] / And [ruste] / hiab [us"
nickname
In research, the inconclusive name is associated with the tribal name of the Cisrhenan Condruser (analogous to the evidence of the Candrusteihiae ) as well as the Latin-Franconian name of Antrustio . In both formations there is a Germanic trausta element (English trust ) for trust or loyalty. The Celtic * drus-, * drust- can also be present with the meaning, among other things, of a "fixed contract". A takeover from the Celtic does not contradict the retention of a specifically Germanic understanding or the conception of a meaning and special function of the matrons for the Germanic-influenced admirers.
See also
literature
- Géza Alföldy : Epigraphisches aus dem Rheinland II. In: Epigraphische Studien 4, 1967, p. 20 (No. 4); P. 20 map.
- Xavier Delamarre : La structuration verticale de l'espace chez les Anciens Celtes et les déesses rhénanes Matronae Andrusteihae. In: Andreas Hofeneder , Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel (ed.): Théonymie celtique, cultes, interpretatio / Keltische Theonymie, Kulte, interpretatio. X. Workshop FERCAN., Paris 24. – 26. May 2010. '' (= Communications of the Prehistoric Commission of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Volume 79). Verlag der ÖAW, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-7001-7369-4 , ISSN 0065-5376 , pp. 97-99.
- Brigitte Galsterer, Hartmut Galsterer : The Roman stone inscriptions from Cologne (I Cologne²). (= Kölner Forschungen 10), with the participation of Stefan Breuer, Bettina Goffin, Michael Herchenbach, Stefan Meusel, Sabine Schmall and Stefan Schrumpf. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 2010, ISBN 978-3-8053-4229-2 , p. 123 No. 120.
- Siegfried Gutenbrunner : The Germanic god names of the ancient inscriptions. Max Niemeyer, Halle / S. 1936, p. 193., No. 15.
- Hans Kuhn , Reinhard Wenskus : Antrustio. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 1, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1973, ISBN 3-11-004489-7 , pp. 360–361.
- Hans Lehner : The ancient stone monuments of the Provincial Museum in Bonn. F. Cohen, Bonn 1918, p. 124., No. 259.
- Herbert Nesselhauf , Hans Liebs : Third Addendum to CIL XIII. Inscriptions from the Germanic provinces and the Treverer area. In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission 40, 1959, No. 145, 213.
- Herbert Nesselhauf: New inscriptions from Roman Germania and the adjacent areas. In: BRGK 27, 1937, pp. 51-134
- Günter Neumann : Condrusi, § 1. Linguistic. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 5, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1984, ISBN 3-11-009635-8 , pp. 78-79.
- Hermann Reichert : Lexicon of Old Germanic Names , Volume I, II. (= Thesaurus Palaeogermanicus, Volume 1.1; 1.2). Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1987, 1990, ISBN 3-7001-0931-8 , ISBN 3-7001-1718-3 , Volume I p. 48, Volume II p. 460.
- Rudolf Simek : Lexicon of Germanic Mythology (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 368). 3rd, completely revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-520-36803-X , pp. 22, 267 ff.
- Theo Vennemann : Morphology of the Lower Rhine matron names . In: Edith Marold , Christiane Zimmermann (Hrsg.): Nordwestgermanisch (= supplementary volumes to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde ). tape 13 . de Gruyter, Berlin a. a. 1995, ISBN 978-3-11-014818-3 , pp. 272–291, here 278 ( Germanische Altertumskunde online for a fee at de Gruyter).
Web links
- Epigraphic database Heidelberg :
- Frontal photo from CIL 13, 7995
- Photos from CIL 13, 8212
- Photos from AE 1931, 23
- Photo by AE 1956, 245
- Entries in the FERCAN project: "Celtic god names in the inscriptions of the Roman province Germania Inferior"
