List of matron names
This list of matron names contains the nicknames of matrons , mainly mother goddesses of the Roman , Germanic and Celtic religions occurring in three numbers .
In the more than 800 found inscriptions on so-called "Matronensteinen", which were donated to the goddesses as consecration stones in the first three centuries AD , the name Matronae , Matres ("Mothers") or Deae ("Goddesses") is usually an additional name; the frequency of the names used varies greatly. While most of the names appear only once, in others there are areas of concentration that may indicate cult centers . In many cases, the names can no longer be interpreted because no contemporary written sources are known about matrons. With some epithets, conclusions can be drawn about the type and function of the respective goddesses, so there are various protective, spring and water goddesses. In the following list, the meanings of the names are rarely proven beyond doubt:
| nickname | Locations | Possible meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Abiamarcae, Ambiamarcae | Mechernich- Floisdorf , Euskirchen district | derived: "The borderland in the back of the forest" |
| Abirenae | Cologne-Deutz | ... |
| Afliae | Cologne area (2 ×) | possible: from afla "Kraft" |
| Ahinehiae | Blankenheim near Euskirchen | possible: from aha "water, river" |
| Ahueccaniae | Gleuel near Cologne | possible: spring goddesses, from aha "water, river" |
| Alaferhviae | Inden-Altdorf , Fronhoven near Eschweiler, Gohr near Dormagen, Pattern near Aldenhoven (1 × each) | possible: "The great life donors" |
| Alagabiae | House Bürgel near Düsseldorf | possible: "The universal" |
| Alaterviae | Cramond , suburb / port of Edinburgh | derived: "(oak) tree goddesses" |
| Albiahenae | Oberelvenich near Euskirchen (4 ×) | ... |
| Alhiahenae | Neidenstein near Heidelberg | derived: from "temple" or "elk" i. e. "Area where there are moose" |
| Almaviahenae | Thorr near Cologne | ... |
| Alusneihae | Inden pier near Düren | derived: from the runic magic word alu or the Germanic aluþ " intoxicating potion "; from Germanic * Alizō for alder (tree name) from a place or place name; from a Gallo-Roman place name Alusniacum |
| Ambiamarcae | Cologne-Deutz | Minor form of the Matronae Abiamarcae (see above) |
| Ambioreneses | Cologne-Deutz | named in an inscription together with Ambiamarcae in a number of Roman gods |
| Amfratninae | Eschweiler (12 ×) | derived: "The matron of personal happiness" |
| Amnesahenae | Thorr near Cologne | possible: from the Greek amnesia "lack of memory": "against forgetting" |
| Andrusteihiae | Bonn- Bad Godesberg and Cologne | possible: ancient name of a tribe or people |
| Anesiaminehae | Zülpich near Euskirchen | possible: ancient name of a river |
| Annaneptiae | Xanten | possible: "friendly sister" |
| Arvagastiae | Müddersheim near Düren | developed: a family name |
| Asericinehae | Cologne | developed: a family name |
| Atufrafinehae | Berkum near Bonn | ... |
| Audrinehae | Hermülheim near Cologne, found around 1910 (7 stones reused as a grave box) | developed: "The divine supporters", "The friendly powers of fate" |
| Aufaniae | Bonn Minster , temple district Görresburg near Nettersheim, Zülpich, Cologne, Jülich , Xanten, Nijmegen , Haus Bürgel near Düsseldorf, Mainz , Lyon in southern France and in Carmona in Spain - a total of around 90 times | Suggested: as a characteristic "those who give in abundance", as a place name "remote Fenn " (" swamp "?) |
| Aumenahenae | Cologne (2 ×) | possible: ancient name of a river |
| Austriahenae | Morken-Harff in the Rhein-Erft district (about 150 ×) | derived: "The Eastern" |
| Aviaitinehae | House Bürgel near Düsseldorf | 2 competing interpretations: "Property where there are (many) sheep" - "that donate happiness and protect property" |
| Axsinginehae | Cologne | derived: Germanic "ear" |
| Berguiahenae | Gereonsweiler | derived: a tree name |
| Berguinehae | third | ... |
| Berhuiahenae | Gereonsweiler | ... |
| Caimineae | Euskirchen | possible: derivation of place names |
| Cantrusteihiae | unknown location (3 ×) | possible: ancient name of a tribe or people |
| Chandrumanehae | Cheap at Euskirchen | ... |
| Chuchenae | Zülpich near Euskirchen (4 ×) | ... |
| Ethrahenae | Rödingen and Bettenhoven | ... |
| Euthungae | Cologne | possible: ancient name of a tribe or people |
| Fachinehae | Lower Rhine (3 ×) | possible: from fahana "happy" |
| Frisavae | Xanten | derived: ancient name of the Frisian people |
| Gabiae | Euskirchen (4 ×), a total of 12 × | possible: "The Givers" |
| Gantunae | Cologne | derived: "goose goddesses", from ganta "goose" |
| Gavadiae | Jülich (6 ×) and Mönchengladbach (2 ×) | possible: matchmakers or goddesses who watch over oaths and vows |
| Gavasiae | Thorr near Cologne | possible: from the gothic gawasjan "clothe" |
| Seen | Lower Rhine (5 ×); Rödingen | ... |
| Gratichae | Euskirchen | possible: Deriving from a place or position name |
| Grusduahenae | Inden-Altdorf | derived: “the matrons belonging to a gravel place, gravel place, scree slope” |
| Guinehae | third | derived: from Berguinehae |
| Hamavehae | Inden-Altdorf and Vilvenich, Düren district | Derived: from the name of the Chamavians , mentioned in ancient sources |
| Havae | Merzenich near Düren | possible: "The high ones" |
| Hiheraiae | Enzen near Euskirchen | ... |
| Ifles | Gohr (Dormagen) | ... |
| Ineae | Bonn | ... |
| Iulineihiae | Müntz (Titz) | ... |
| Kannanefates | Cologne | derived: from the name of a Roman regiment |
| Lanehiae | Lechenich (Erftstadt) | ... |
| Leudinae | Pesch and Derichsweiler and Liège | ... |
| Lubicae | Cologne | possible: "The healing goddesses" |
| Mahalinehae | Cologne, Deutz | possible: goddesses of judgment |
| Marsacae | Xanten (2 ×) | possible: ancient name of the tribe of the Marser (Germania) or the Marser (Italy) |
| Masanae | Cologne | ... |
| Mediotautehae | Cologne | possible: "goddesses of the middle country" |
| Mopates | Nijmegen | possible: ancient name of a forest |
| Naitienae | Thorr near Cologne | possible: ancient name of a river |
| Nersihenae | Jülich | possible: ancient name of a river |
| Nervinae | Bavay in Northern France | derived: from the name of the Germanic people the Nervier |
| Octocannae | Gripswald, Krefeld district, today Meerbusch (7 ×) | possible: from the Celtic ukta "spruce" (tree) |
| Ollogabiae | Mainz (2 ×) | possible: "Those who give abundantly" |
| Ratheihiae | Euskirchen | possible: derivation from Germanic * rada = "wheel" as a Celtic symbol for destiny - derivation from a river name to Germanic * ratha = "fast" |
| Renahenae | Bonn | derived: river goddesses of the Rhine |
| Rumanehae, Romanehae |
Lower Rhine (12 ×), u. a. in Lommersum | assumed: goddesses of a Roman settlement |
| Saitchamiae | Hoven (Zuelpich) | possible: goddesses of magic |
| Seccanehae | Blankenheim near Euskirchen | developed: a family name |
| Suebae | Cologne (2 ×), Deutz (1 ×) | derived: from the name of the Germanic tribe of the Suebi |
| Teniavehae | Blankenheim near Euskirchen | ... |
| Textumeihae | Soller / Vettweiß (1 ×), Floisdorf / Mechernich (1 ×), Boich / Kreuzau (1 ×) | derived: from the root word * textuma "right" or "south" and "the following": "The goddesses of the southern people", or also "The auspicious" (after the auspices on the right side) |
| Tummaestiae | Sinzenich near Euskirchen | possible: "Helpful women of the house" |
| Turstuahenae | Derichsweiler (2 ×), Flerzheim | ... |
| Udravarinehae | Lower Rhine (3 ×) | ... |
| Ulauhinehae | Geich (Zuelpich) | ... |
| Vacallinehae, Vacallinebus, Vocallinehae |
Pesch and surrounding area, Aachen (1 ×), a total of about 280 × (7 ×) | Derived: matrons of an arm of the Rhine , the form Vacall- can be found in the names of places and waters that occur in the region today |
| Vallabneihiae, Vallamaneihiae, Vallabneiae |
Cologne (3 ×) | developed: a family name |
| Vataranehae, Veterahenae | Nideggen , Düren district (over 50 ×) | possible: place name reference, derivation of water body names |
| Vesuniahenae | Vettweiß near Düren (5 ×) | possible: ancient name of a place |
Individual evidence
- ^ J. Freudenberg: An unedited Matronenstein from Godesberg. In: Yearbooks of the Society of Friends of Antiquity in the Rhineland. Issue 44–45, 1868, pp. 81–84 ( side view in archive.org ); Godesberg: CIL 13, 7995 , image ; Cologne: CIL 13, 8212 , fig .
- ↑ Herman Joseph Lückger: Altars of the Matronae Audrinehae and other stone monuments. In: Bonner Jahrbücher 132, 1927, pp. 185–192; Hartmut Galsterer , Stephan Meusel (Ed.): Inscriptions Details - ID number: 158. Roman inscription database (RID24 ( Memento from April 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ))
- ^ According to the Römisch-Germanisches Museum , Cologne.
-
^ Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn : Weihaltar for the Aufanische Matronen. ( Memento from October 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: rlmb.lvr.de. Landschaftsverband Rheinland (LVR), 2013, accessed on September 4, 2019.
Epigraphic database Heidelberg : Monuments of the Matronae Aufaniae from Bonn Minster. Retrieved September 4, 2019. - ↑ Hans Lehner : The sanctuary of the Matronae Aufaniae at Nettersheim. In: Bonner Jahrbücher . Issue 119, 1910, pp. 301-321.
- ↑ Ernst Alfred Philippson : The Germanic mother and matron cult on the Lower Rhine. In: Germanic Review. Volume 19, 1944, p. 94: "The Abundant"; Siegfried Gutenbrunner : Germanic god names of the ancient inscriptions. Niemeyer, Halle 1936, pp. 159–161: also tends towards this name interpretation. Günter Neumann The Germanic matron's names. In: Heinrich Hettrich, Astrid van Nahl (Hrsg.): Name studies on Old Germanic. Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-020100-0 , pp. 267–268: Proposal to interpret the name as “remote Fenn”. Jan de Vries : Old Germanic history of religion. 3. Edition. Volume 2, Gruyter, Berlin 1970, p. 294: "Several explanations have been tried, none of which is convincing".
- ↑ Rudolf Simek: Gods and Cults of the Teutons. 2nd Edition. CH Beck, Munich 2006, p. 52 ( side view in the Google book search): "[...] about 150 stones were found in Morken-Harff on the Matronae Austriahenae (" the eastern ones ") [...]".
