Maxim Sakharovich Saburov

Maxim Sakharovich Saburow ( Russian Максим Захарович Сабуров ; born February 19, 1900 in Druzhkovka , Yekaterinoslav Governorate , Russian Empire ; † March 24, 1977 in Moscow ) was a Soviet politician .

biography

Promotion to chairman of Gosplan

education

In 1920 Saburov became a member of the Russian Communist Party, later the CPSU . He attended the Sverdlov party college from 1923 to 1926 and studied at the Baumann Institute for Mechanics in Moscow from 1928 to 1933 . He became an engineer and economist.

Rise in party and economy

He worked in various organizations: between 1921 and 1926 he was a functionary of the Komsomol in Donetsk Oblast , and from 1926 to 1928 he was a propagandist for the RKP (B) in Donbass . From 1933 he was briefly head of a technical planning office in a machine factory in Moscow and soon afterwards head of department of a mechanical engineering company in Kramatorsk . In 1937 he became the chief engineer of the Heavy Engineering Department in the Ministry of Mechanical Engineering of the USSR.

At the Gosplan

He was first known in 1938 as the Deputy Chairman of the Committee for Economic Planning - Gosplan for short , after briefly head of the mechanical engineering sector. Nikolai Voznesensky was chairman of Gosplan from 1938 to 1949 . During the Second World War he played an important role in the Gosplan for the State Defense Committee of the USSR and as chairman of the Economic Council of the Defense Industry.

In the first post-war period he was Deputy Chairman of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) (the highest chiefs at that time were Marshal Zhukov and Marshal Sokolowski ).

In 1946 he was again Deputy Chairman of Gosplan. From March 5, 1949 to February 28, 1955 he was chairman of Gosplan after Vosnesensky had been liquidated by Joseph Stalin . At the same time, Saburov became Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in the cabinets of Stalin and Georgi Malenkov in 1949 .

At the center of power

In 1952 he became a member of the Central Committee and he rose to the highest political body of the USSR, he became a full member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) (former designation: Presidium), from October 16, 1952 to June 29, 1957.

On February 28, 1955, he was promoted to First Deputy Prime Minister in the Cabinet of Bulganin in the Council of Ministers of the USSR , an office which he held until July 5, 1957. From 1953 to 1957 he was also Minister for Mechanical Engineering.

Unsuccessful coup against Khrushchev

In 1957 the Politburo members and old Stalinists Saburov, Malenkow, Molotov , Kaganowitsch , Pervuchin , Bulganin and Voroshilov tried to replace the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Nikita Khrushchev . With the help of the quickly convened Central Committee, however, Khrushchev managed to prevent this. Saburov lost his offices in the Politburo and government and in 1961 also his seat in the Central Committee. From 1958 until his retirement in 1966 he was director of operations for heavy machinery in Syzran and then a plant for processing of plastic materials in Syzran.

literature

• Michel Tatu: Power and Powerlessness in the Kremlin, Ullstein, Frankfurt, 1967
• Merle Fainsod : How Russia is governed; Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1965

Web links

• Speech on the 37th anniversary of the great October socialist revolution at the ceremony of the Moscow Soviet (Russian)