Great stone grave Mander
| Great stone grave Mander Hunebed O2 | |||
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 Remaining mound of the O2 large stone grave near Mander |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 27 '24.1 " N , 6 ° 50' 29.6" E | ||
| place | Tubbergen , OT Mander , Overijssel , The Netherlands | ||
| Emergence | 3470 to 3300 BC Chr. | ||
| van Giffen no. | O2 | ||
The large stone grave Mander was a megalithic tomb of the Neolithic western group of the funnel beaker culture near Mander , a district of the municipality of Tubbergen in the Dutch province of Overijssel . It was destroyed at an unknown time. Its remains were discovered and archaeologically examined in 1957 . It is the southernmost known large stone grave in the Netherlands. The grave bears the van Giffen number O2.
location
The grave was in a field northeast of Mander near the border with Germany . Its location can be reached via a dirt road. It was the southernmost facility in the Netherlands that was clearly identified as a large stone grave. It is located in the east of the province of Overijssel in an isolated position. The closest megalithic buildings are the Lingen - Rheine Group in Emsland, about 30 km away, and the Drenthe Group in the north, 35 km away .
Research history
The existence of the facility was unknown until the middle of the 20th century. It was discovered in 1957 and shortly thereafter archaeologically examined by Cornelus Coenraad Willem Jan Hijszeler . Another excavation took place in 1995 under the direction of Arie D. Verlinde . After the excavation was completed, the mound was reconstructed. The complex has been a national monument ( Rijksmonument ) since 2000 .
description
The complex was an approximately east-west oriented passage grave . It originally had a pile of hills. A stone enclosure could not be found. The burial chamber had a length of about 13 m and a width of about 2 m. It had seven pairs of wall stones on the long sides and one end stone each on the narrow sides. During the excavations, it was no longer possible to determine exactly where the entrance to the chamber was. It was probably located in the middle of the southern long side, either between the third and fourth wall stones when viewed from the east or between the fourth and fifth wall stones. No traces of wear from upstream gangway stones or from a threshold stone could be found. However, gang stones should originally have been present in a grave of this size.
To the south of the presumed access to the burial chamber, three pits with funnel beaker ceramic were found. A burial ground with six flat graves of the funnel cup culture was discovered southeast of the complex .
Finds
The burial chamber contained numerous decorated ceramic shards from the funnel beaker culture, which could be reconstructed into around 300 vessels. The pottery is dated to grades 3–5 of the typological system of the Western Beaker Group established by Anna Brindley . This corresponds to the period 3300-3075 BC. However, the pottery from the pits in front of the access to the chamber dates to stage 2 (3470–3300 BC). Presumably, the construction of the plant falls during this period, while the ceramic found inside the chamber comes from a later phase of use. The ceramic finds from the neighboring burial ground date from a comparatively short period of time in the late stage 4 and early stage 5 (roughly between 3250 and 3075 BC)
See also
literature
- Jan Albert Bakker : The TRB West Group. Studies in the Chronology and Geography of the Makers of Hunebeds and Tiefstich Pottery. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900235 , p.
- Jan Albert Bakker: A list of the extant and formerly present hunebedden in the Netherlands. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 30, 1988, pp. 63-72 ( online ).
- Jan Albert Bakker: The Dutch Hunebedden. Megalithic Tombs of the Funnel Beaker Culture. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor 1992, ISBN 1-87962-102-9 .
- Jan Albert Bakker: Megalithic Research in the Netherlands, 1547-1911. From 'Giant's Beds' and 'Pillars of Hercules' to accurate investigations. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900341 , pp. 226-227 ( online version ).
- Albert Egges van Giffen : De Hunebedden in Nederland , 3 volumes. Oosthoek, Utrecht 1925.
- Evert van Ginkel , Sake Jager, Wijnand van der Sanden: Hunebedden. Monuments van een steentijdcultuur. Uniepers, Abcoude 1999, ISBN 978-9068252026 , p. 199.
- Jan N. Lanting , Anna L. Brindley : The destroyed hunebed O2 and the adjacent TRB flat cemetery at Mander (Gem. Tubbergen, province Overijssel). In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 45/46, 2003/2004 (2004), pp. 59-94 ( online ).
- A. Ufkes: De inventarisatie van Hunebed 02 van Mander. Dissertation, Groningen 1992.
Web links
- The Megalithic Portal: O2 Mander
- hunebeddeninfo.nl: O2 / Mander (Manderstreu), gemeente Tubbergen
Individual evidence
- ^ Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed: 511160 te Mander
- ^ Anna L. Brindley: The typochronology of TRB West Group pottery. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 28, 1986, pp. 93-132 ( online ). Annual figures corrected according to Moritz Mennenga : Between Elbe and Ems. The settlements of the funnel beaker culture in northwest Germany (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 13). Habelt, Bonn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7749-4118-2 , p. 93 ( online ).