Mercurius Cimbrianus
Mercurius Cimbrianus or Cimbrius was a Germanic god named in seven Roman dedicatory inscriptions . The inscribed evidence comes from the area of the Roman province of Germania superior from the second to third centuries AD.
Three inscriptions were found on the Heiligenberg near Heidelberg that belong to a Roman cult complex that was used until late antiquity. Two finds from Greinberg near Miltenberg and two inscriptions from the area around Mainz form the further corpus of the god's named references.
The name Cimbrianus is derived from the Germanic tribe of the Cimbri , which is why it is assumed that the remains of the Cimbri returning from their migration have settled in the area of the Odenwald . An inscription naming the Teutons was also found at the Miltenberg site . Since the inscriptions equate the god with the Roman Mercurius in the course of the Interpretatio Romana , the Germanic god Wodan / Odin is usually seen in Mercurius Kimbrianus and identified as Wodan of the Cimbri .
literature
- Friedrich Kauffmann : Mercurius Cimbrianus . In: Journal for German Philology 38, 1909, pp. 289–297 .
- Siegfried Gutenbrunner : Germanic god names of the ancient inscriptions . Niemeyer, Halle / S. 1936, p. 52ff.
- Gerhard Bauchhenß : Mercurius . In: Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Volume VI, Zurich / Munich 1992, pp. 548-549.
- Heinrich Tiefenbach : Mercurius Cimbrianus. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde (RGA). 2nd Edition. Volume 19, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2001, ISBN 3-11-017163-5 , pp. 564-566.
- Günter Neumann : Name studies on old Germanic. Edited by Heinrich Hettrich and Astrid van Nahl , de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-020100-0 . ( Supplementary volumes to the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde . Volume 59), pp. 391–394.
- Rudolf Simek : Lexicon of Germanic Mythology (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 368). 3rd, completely revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-520-36803-X , p. 275.
- Alexander Sitzmann, Friedrich E. Grünzweig: The old Germanic ethnonyms. A guide to their etymology. In: (= Philologica Germanica Vol. 29). Fassbaender, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-902575-07-4 , pp. 97-100.
Remarks
- ↑ a) CIL 13, 6399 , dating 2nd century; b) CIL 13, 6402 , dating 2nd century; c) AE 1921, 52 , illustration , dating 171 to 250.
- ↑ a) CIL 13, 6604 , illustration and commentary , dating 191; b) CIL 13, 6605 , figure and comment ; Dating 189 or 212.
- ↑ a) CIL 13, 6742 ; b) AE 1990, 742 , dating 171 to 250.
- ↑ CIL 13, 6610 ; Figure and comment .
