Autumn spiders
| Autumn spiders | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg)
|
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Metellina | ||||||||||||
| Chamberlin & Ivie , 1941 |
The autumn spiders ( Metellina ) are a genus from the family of the stretch spiders (Tetragnathidae) and comprise 15 species. (As of June 2020)
Autumn spiders build web nets with an open hub in which the spider can stay. The species of this genus have a more or less elongated abdomen with a conspicuous yellowish-reddish markings.
distribution
The autumn spider ( Metellina segmentata ) is very common and widespread in Central Europe . The autumn spider colonizes almost all moderately humid habitats in the lowlands outside the cities.
Metellina mengei is less common , mainly in spruce forests and also in the hill country (collin to montan) in spring / early summer. Metellina merianae is very rare but widespread . It occurs almost exclusively in caves, cellars or cracks in rocks and walls near streams. It prefers high humidity and is found mainly in spring. Your net is eccentrically shaped and has more catch threads in the lower part than in the upper part. It is also hung over bodies of water and in entrances to abandoned badger burrows. The coloration and drawing of the abdomen are variable and therefore not reliable identification features.
Systematics
It used to be included in the Meta genus . Metidae used to be a family name under which they were carried. Sometimes they are regarded as a subfamily of the extensor spiders.
The World Spider Catalog currently lists 15 species of autumn spiders. (As of June 2020)
- Metellina barreti ( Kulczyński , 1899) - Madeira
- Metellina curtisi ( McCook , 1894) - North America
- Metellina gertschi ( Lessert , 1938) - Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Metellina haddadi Marusik & Larsen , 2018 - South Africa
- Metellina kirgisica ( Bakhvalov , 1974) - Central Asia
- Metellina longipalpis ( Pavesi , 1883) - Ethiopia
- Metellina mengei ( Blackwall , 1869) - Europe to Georgia
- Metellina merianae ( Scopoli , 1763) - Europe to Georgia
- Metellina merianopsis ( Tullgren , 1910) - Tanzania
- Metellina mimetoides Chamberlin & Ivie , 1941 - North America
- Metellina minima Denis , 1953 - Canary Islands
- Metellina orientalis ( Spassky , 1932) - Central Asia
- Metellina ornata ( Chikuni , 1955) Eastern Siberia, China, Korea, Japan
- Metellina segmentata ( Clerck , 1757) - Palearctic and introduced to Canada
- Metellina villiersi ( Denis , 1955) - Guinea
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 17.0 - Amaurobiidae . Retrieved June 12, 2016.
literature
- Jones: The Cosmos Spider's Guide . Franckh'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-440-06141-8 .
- A. Hänggi, E. Stöckli & W. Nentwig: Habitats of Central European Spiders. Miscellanea Faunistica Helvetiae 4. Neuchatel / Bern 1995. ISBN 2-88414-008-5 .
- S. Heimer & W. Nentwig: Spiders of Central Europe. Paul Parey, Berlin 1991. ISBN 3-489-53534-0 .
- Sauer & Wunderlich: The most beautiful spiders in Europe . Fauna-Verlag, Karlsfeld 1985, ISBN 3-923010-03-6 .
Web links
Metellina in the World Spider Catalog