Michaeliskloster (Rostock)

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Michaeliskloster (west side)
Michaeliskloster (east side)

The Michaeliskloster in Rostock was a fraternal house of the brothers from the common life and housed an important printing and bookbinding shop of the late Middle Ages.

history

Almost 20 years after their arrival in Rostock in 1462, the brothers from living together began building a house around 1480. The building in what is now known as Altbettelmönchstraße combined living and working rooms with the monastery chapel consecrated to St. Michael under one roof. The brothers called themselves Fratres Domus Horti Viridis ad S. Michaelem , so the brothers of the House of the Green Garden near St. Michael. The original street name Im Green Paths also fits .

From 1475 on, the gentlemen set up the first printing press in Rostock, where Johann Snell also learned his trade for a few years. Rostock is the second oldest printing location in Northern Germany after Lübeck and the oldest printing location in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The question of whether the brothers were also, as previously assumed, the operators of an important Rostock bookbindery , whose bindings, which are characterized by characteristic stamps, can be found in many libraries around the Baltic Sea, is controversial and is now rather negated.

In 1529 there was a dispute with Duke Heinrich V when the brothers wanted to print an edition of Hieronymus Emser's New Testament , but the Duke forbade this at the insistence of Martin Luther . In 1531 the printing company ceased operations.

After the dissolution of the Fraterhaus at the end of August 1534 during the Reformation , the building was used in different ways. At first, students from the University of Rostock lived in the Michaeliskloster , later it was used by the city of Rostock as an armory , wool store and grain store. Even a substation was housed here around 1900.

Todays use

At the end of April 1942, the Michaeliskloster burned down completely in a British bombing raid and has been in ruins ever since. The eastern part was restored in the 1950s and given to the Methodist community, which set up its community center here.

The west wing only got its historic appearance back in 1994. Today the Rostock University Library uses this area of ​​the Michaeliskloster for its special collections and the specialist library for theology and philosophy.

literature

  • Nilüfer Kruger: The Rostock Brethren of the Common Life Saint Michael . Homage to the structural completion of the former Michaeliskloster in autumn 1999. Rostock University Library, Rostock 1999 ( Publications of the University of Rostock 127, ISSN  0232-2811 ).
  • Nilüfer Krüger: 525 years of letterpress printing in Rostock. The Brothers of Common Life printing press. Rostock University Library, Rostock 2001 ( publications of the Rostock University 132).
  • Nilüfer Krüger: From monastery printing to scientific library. The Michaeliskloster of the Brothers of Common Life in Rostock. Rostock University Library, Rostock 2004 ( publications of the Rostock University 134).
  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : Book printing of the brothers from living together at St. Michael in Rostock. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . Vol. 4, 1839, ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 1-62, full text .
  • Carl Meltz: The prints of the Michaelisbrüder zu Rostock 1476 to 1530. In: Scientific journal of the University of Rostock . Row 5: Mathematical and scientific series . Special issue, 1955/56, ZDB -ID 242538-5 , pp. 229-262.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See also Nilüfer Krüger: Die incunabeln der Universitätsbibliothek Rostock. With the incunabula of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Library in Schwerin and the Friedland Church Library. (Catalogs of the Rostock University Library 2) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2003. Still Ursula Altmann: The Rostock cover. In: Bibliothek und Wissenschaft 29 (1996), pp. 212-228; WP: Book covers with ex-libris from Rostock. In: Binding Studies. RV Ilse Schunke . Berlin 1972, pp. 21–37, assumed that the brothers had a bookbinding workshop
  2. ^ Letter from Martin Luther ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the state main archive Schwerin , digitization and transcription @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kulturwerte-mv.de
  3. ^ Ingo Ulpts: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. Werl 1995, p. 372.

Web links

Commons : Michaeliskloster (Rostock)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 54 ° 5 ′ 13.7 ″  N , 12 ° 8 ′ 10.9 ″  E