Milk performance test
The milk performance test ( MLP ) is used to control the performance of dairy farm animals . The amount of milk and the two economically most important milk ingredients fat and protein are recorded . The determination of the content of milk urea , lactose and cell count is also routinely carried out in the milk performance test of most of the state control associations.
history
In 1884 the Allgäu Herd Book Society began with the MLP , three years later there were the first independent regional MLP associations in Schleswig-Holstein . From 1920 the district associations merged to form control associations, rural self-government gained in importance and the German Agricultural Society ( DLG ) supported the control associations. In 1935, mandatory milk control was introduced under the supervision of the Reichsnährstand . In 1946 the control associations were rebuilt on a voluntary basis and in 1948 the Association of German Cattle Breeders ( ADR ) set up a working committee for the MLP.
In 1950 the ADR published basic rules for the implementation of the MLP and in 1951 a European committee for the MLP was founded within the framework of the FAO , which was renamed the International Committee for the Determination of the Profitability of Dairy Animals (IKWEM) in 1970 . In 1989 the IKWEM was incorporated into the International Committee for Performance Testing in Animal Breeding (IKLT) (or International Committee for animal recording ( ICAR )).
aims
Immediate goals are:
- Market transparency and acquisition of agricultural statistical data
- Improvement of operational management and
- Improving the breeding progress
Indirect goals are:
- Strengthening international competitiveness and
- Improvement of the national supply situation
Participation in the MLP is a prerequisite for herdbook breeding and training in Germany .
Methods
The ICAR has decided on an agreement for the implementation of the MLP. a. the Association of German Cattle Breeders (ADR) has joined. It specifies the minimum requirements that must be met to ensure a satisfactory MLP: All animals in a herd must be checked and as many environmental factors as possible (mating date, calving date, feeding ...) recorded. Furthermore, there are provisions on the determination of the amount of milk and milk ingredients and the calculation of the annual or lactation output (305 daily output). Local organizations must also be recognized by the national ones. If the conditions of the agreement are met, the national organization, e.g. B. the ADR, a seal that entitles you to carry out the MLP. The national organizations can issue precise guidelines for implementation. The MLP can take place at different time intervals; The majority of the tests are carried out once a month. The number of controls per year (8 to 26) and the duration of the test (one day or once in the morning, the next time in the evening) can also vary. All of this has an impact on the estimation of the breeding value of an animal.
Costs and financing
In Germany 75% of the attributable costs of the staff . There are part-time and full-time samplers, the ratio is around 3: 1. Data processing and travel costs are the next largest cost blocks. In 2004, around € 25 to € 30 per year was estimated for each cow . All participants, the insemination and herd book organizations as well as the milk-supplying farmers (according to § 22 of the Milk and Fat Act 0.1 c / liter) bear the costs of the MLP. Due to the law to improve the agricultural structure and coastal protection, the federal states can grant 40% subsidy and then the federal government can give a further 60% subsidy. The federal states finance the MLP differently. Bavaria reimburses the farmer a constant amount for participation in the MLP and a subsidy amount that depends on the size of the animal population. Schleswig-Holstein, on the other hand, granted a constant subsidy amount per cow until 2002, but no participant amount depending on the number of animals. In Bavaria, the number of cows is on average smaller and the MLP is therefore more expensive, which is why Bavaria has chosen the promotion described above.
See also
literature
- Horst Kräusslich : Animal breeding theory . Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997 ISBN 3-8252-8150-7
- Egbert Feddersen: Milk performance test . AID, Bonn 1990 (AID, volume 1225)
Web links
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Rinderzüchter eV
- State Board of Trustees for Producer Rings for Animal Refinement in Bavaria eV
- Milchkontrollverband Elbe-Weser eV, example of a control association in Germany
- International Committee for animal recording (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sächsischer Landeskontrollverband ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 120 kB)
