Mnich (Nová Bystřice)

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Mnìch (German Münichschlag ) is a desert in South Moravia , Czech Republic . It is located two kilometers south of Nová Bystřice in the Okres Jindřichův Hradec . The place was laid out as a Breitangerdorf . It was closed in 1951 and its corridors connected to Nová Bystřice.

geography

The place was 588 m above sea level. M. below the Mníšský rybník ( Münichschläger pond ) on the Dračice . The Austrian-Czech border is 800 m south. Neighboring towns were in the north Nová Bystřice ( Neubistritz ), in the east Obora and Artolec ( Artholz ), south-east Grametten, south Griesbach, south-west Haugschlag , in the west Rottal and the blank houses and north-west Nový Vojířov and Smrčná.

history

The place was mentioned in a document as early as 1188, making Münichschlag one of the oldest places in South Moravia. The place was founded by the Order of St. John and administered by the Kommende in Mailberg in Lower Austria. In the Hussite Wars , the place was completely destroyed in 1420. In 1487, Münichschlag was reported as part of the Landstein rule. Later the place came under the rule of Neubistritz and belonged to it until 1848. Münichschlag was also looted and devastated during the Thirty Years War . The parish registers of the village were taken to Neubistritz since 1664th In 1895 the elementary school became two-class.

Over the years, the spelling of the place changed several times. In 1188 they wrote “Munuslohe”, 1407 “Munichslaa”, 1487 “Minislog”, 1575 “Mynyslog”, 1654 “Mynsslog”, 1790 “Minichschlog” and finally from 1854 “Münichschlag”.

After the First World War and the Treaty of Saint-Germain in 1919, the place, whose inhabitants belonged exclusively to the German language group in 1910, became part of the new Czechoslovak Republic . In the interwar period , there was an increase in the influx of people with Czech identity due to the appointment of new officials and new settlers. After the Munich Agreement , the place came to the German Reich in 1938 and became part of the Reichsgau Niederdonau .

During the Second World War , the place suffered 33 victims. After its end, the victorious powers complied with the request of the ČSR government Beneš and reassigned the territories transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement to Czechoslovakia . On May 28, 1945, Münichschlag and the surrounding areas were systematically and simultaneously occupied by militant Czechs. They took five men hostage and then drove the local population and finally the hostages across the border into Austria. According to the Beneš Decree 108, the property of German residents as well as German public and church property was confiscated and placed under state administration. Ten people were able to remain in Austria, the other displaced persons were transferred to Germany.

Due to the proximity of the place to the Austrian border, the place was not repopulated, but leveled. In 1951 the 503 hectare area was assigned to the town of Nová Bystřice.

Coat of arms and seal

An image of the oldest community seal has not yet been found. In the second half of the 19th century, Münichschlag had a small seal that showed the inscription "DORF MINICHSCHLAG" within a pearl wreath. The center of the seal showed a three-flowered flowering plant.

Population development

census Total population Ethnicity of the inhabitants
year German Czechs Other
1880 403 403 0 0
1890 434 434 0 0
1900 471 471 0 0
1910 471 471 0 0
1921 427 395 10 22nd
1930 354 312 23 19th

Attractions

  • Romanesque church (11th century), rebuilt in 1471 after fire, remodeling (1721) with rococo main altar
  • Statues of St. Wolfgang and John the Baptist
  • Boehm Cross
  • War memorial (1940)

regional customs

On June 24th the traditional "broom burning" was held at five different locations.

Sources and literature

  • Felix Bornemann: Arts and Crafts in South Moravia. Maurer, Geislingen / Steige 1990, ISBN 3-927498-13-0 , p. 21.
  • Bruno Kaukal: The coats of arms and seals of the South Moravian communities. Knee, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-927498-19-X , pp. 150f.
  • Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 372 .
  • Walfried Blaschka, Gerald Frodl: The districts of Neubistritz and Zlabings from A to Z. South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen / Steige 2006, p. 87f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berthold Waldstein-Wartenberg: Die Vasallen Christi: Kulturgeschichte des Johanniterordens im Mittelalter , 1988, p. 274
  2. ^ Felix Ermacora : The unreached peace: St. Germain and the consequences; 1919-1989 , Amalthea Verlag, Vienna, Munich, 1989, ISBN 3-85002-279-X
  3. ↑ Brunnhilde Scheuringer: 30 years later. The integration of ethnic German refugees and displaced persons in Austria, publisher: Braumüller, 1983, ISBN 3-7003-0507-9
  4. ^ Alfred Schickel, Gerald Frodl: History of South Moravia. Volume 3. The history of the German South Moravians from 1945 to the present . South Moravian Landscape Council, Geislingen an der Steige 2001, ISBN 3-927498-27-0 , p. 372 .
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/798622/Mnich-u-Nove-Bystrice
  6. ^ Hadam: History of the city and former rule of Neubistritz , 1981
  7. ^ Josef Bartoš, Jindřich Schulz, Miloš Trapl: Historický místopis Moravy a Slezska v letech 1848–1960. Volume 9: Okresy Znojmo, Moravský Krumlov, Hustopeče, Mikulov. Profil, Ostrava 1984.

Coordinates: 49 ° 0 '  N , 15 ° 6'  E