Felix Ermacora

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Felix Ermacora (born October 13, 1923 in Klagenfurt , † February 24, 1995 in Vienna ) was an Austrian constitutional lawyer and human rights expert . From 1971 to 1990 he was a member of the National Council of the ÖVP .

Life

From 1957 the lawyer Ermacora was professor for political science and international law at the University of Innsbruck and from 1964 professor for constitutional and administrative law at the University of Vienna . From 1958 he was also a member of the European Human Rights Commission and the UN Human Rights Commission . In 1974 he was President of the UN Human Rights Commission. From 1984 he was the UN rapporteur for Afghanistan . In 1992 he became director of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Human Rights . He was a member of the board of trustees of the International Society for Human Rights , which denounced human rights violations in communist states.

In addition to pioneering achievements in the field of human rights, Ermacora has dealt in particular with South Tyrol : He was a long-time ÖVP South Tyrol spokesman and president of the South Tyrol subcommittee in the National Council and has authored several publications on international law and political developments in South Tyrol after 1945.

In a legal opinion that he prepared in 1991 on behalf of the Bavarian State Government , he came to the conclusion that the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia in 1945/46 constituted genocide :

“The expulsion of the Sudeten Germans from their ancestral homeland from 1945 to 1947 and the externally determined resettlement after the Second World War not only contradicted the self-determination promised in the Atlantic Charter and then in the Charter of the UN , but the expulsion of the Sudeten Germans is against genocide and crime the humanity, which are not statute-barred. "

Ermacora had no fear of contact with the outside political right: in 1994 he appeared at the Innsbrucker "Freiheits-Kommers" of the German national fraternities , speaker of the Society for Free Journalism observed by the protection of the Constitution , interview partner of the Junge Freiheit and was a major editor of the anthology "Identity and Nation" , which was published in 1987 by the extreme right-wing Grabert-Verlag . He was also one of the few ÖVP members who published regularly in the right-wing extremist auditorium .

The Felix Ermacora Institute was founded in 1999 in order to be able to continue working on international law as it was intended . To celebrate its tenth anniversary of the death in 2005 of the Austrian People's Party - Parliamentary Club and the Political Academy of the Austrian People's Party of Felix Ermacora Human Rights Award donated. The first prize winners were Father Georg Sporschill and ORF journalist Friedrich Orter .

Ermacora has received honors from various countries, including Orders of Merit from Germany and France, as well as the UNESCO Prize for Human Rights and the European Human Rights Prize of the Council of Europe . The universities of Cologne and Strasbourg awarded him an honorary doctorate.

Between 1967 and 1973 he was President of the Austrian Alpine Club ; since 2013 his son Andreas Ermacora has held the same position. During his presidency, the association was involved in the establishment of the Hohe Tauern National Park . The Alpine Association also made its extensive property in Carinthia and East Tyrol available.

From 1993 until his death he was President of the Austrian Association of Comradeships .

Today's UN Special Rapporteur Manfred Nowak is one of his students .

Awards

Fonts (excerpt)

  • Handbook of Fundamental Freedoms and Human Rights , 1963
  • Allgemeine Staatslehre , 2 volumes, 1970
  • Austrian Constitutional Doctrine, 2 volumes, 1970/80
  • South Tyrol and the Fatherland Austria , 1984
  • Secret report of the South Tyrolean delegation to the Paris Conference 1946 , 1987
  • Outline of Human Rights in Austria , 1988
  • The emergence of the Federal Constitution , 5 volumes, 1986–93
  • Human Rights in the Changing World , 3 volumes, 1974–94
  • South-Tirol. Self-determination prevented , 1991
  • Human rights with no ifs or buts. Experiences and encounters , 1993

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography of Dr. Felix Ermacora on the side of the National Council
  2. ^ Felix Ermacora: The Sudeten German Questions. Legal opinion. Langen-Müller Verlag, ISBN 3-7844-2412-0 , p. 235.
  3. ↑ Manfred Nowak: Speech on the award of the first Felix Ermacora Human Rights Prize
  4. ↑ The Standard: Anchoring the F-Word .
  5. ↑ List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)
  6. ↑ a b List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)
personal data
SURNAME Ermacora, Felix
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian international law expert and politician (ÖVP), member of the National Council
DATE OF BIRTH October 13, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Klagenfurt
DATE OF DEATH February 24, 1995
Place of death Vienna