Mollivirus sibericum

"Mollivirus sibericum"
Systematics
Classification : Viruses Area : Varidnaviria Empire : Bamfordvirae Phylum : Nucleocytoviricota Class : Megaviricetes Order : Algavirales Family : Phycodnaviridae / "Molliviridae" Genre : "Mollivirus" Type : "Mollivirus sibericum"
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA linear Baltimore : Group 1
Scientific name
"Mollivirus sibericum"
Short name
"MolliV"
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 1678078 NCBI  Reference: KR921745

"Mollivirus sibericum" ('Siberian soft virus' from Latin mŏllĭs   'soft') is a DNA virus from the Upper Paleolithic that was found in 2015 by French scientists from the CNRS in the permafrost of north-east Russia. With a diameter of around 600  nm , it is possibly one of the largest viruses or virus-like organisms described. " Mollivirus sibericum " was found in 2015 in a 30,000 year old layer in the permafrost soil of Siberia at a depth of about 30 meters. There is evidence of a distant relationship with the Phycodnaviren : The " Molli virus " has as pandoravirus apparently a common ancestor with the Coccolithoviren within the family of phycodnaviridae , suggesting an association with this family.

Genome

The genome of " Mollivirus sibericum " (isolate P1084-T) is 651,523 base pairs long and encodes a predicted 523 <1 - sic! -> proteins . The GC content is 60%.

Systematics

Internal system

According to CNRS (2019), in addition to the original “ Mollivirus sibericum ”, there is now a second species, “ Mollivirus kamchatka ”.

External system

Schulz et al. , proposed the following system in detail in November 2018:

Phycodnaviridae	" Yellowstone lake phycodnavirus 1 ", " 2 ", " 3 "     Prasinovirus     Chlorovirus     Phaeovirus     " Mollivirus "     Pandora Viruses     ' Sylvan virus '     Coccolithoviruses

The phycodnaviridae as one of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses recognized (ICTV) virus family would remain for the Molli virus - clade instead of own family " Molliviridae " as some have suggested. at most the rank of a subfamily should confirm these relationships: The facts are the same as with the Pandora and Coccolithoviruses.

literature

• Dickson Kinyanyi, George Obiero, Peris W Amwayi, Stephen Mwaniki, Mark Wamalwa: In silico structural and functional prediction of African swine fever virus protein-B263R reveals features of a TATA-binding protein , in: PeerJ 6 (4): e4396 (2018 ), doi: 10.7717 / peerj.4396 , p. 13, especially Fig. 7
• Weijia Zhang, Jinglie Zhou, Taigang Liu, Yongxin Yu, Yingjie Pan, Shuling Yan, Yongjie Wang: Four novel algal virus genomes discovered from Yellowstone Lake metagenomes , in: Scientific Reports volume 5, Article No. 15131, 2015, doi: 10.1038 / srep15131 , abstract
• Graziel Oliveira, Bernard La Scola, Jônatas Abrahão: Giant virus vs amoeba: fight for supremacy , in: Virol J 16, 126, November 4, 2019, doi: 10.1186 / s12985-019-1244-3 , PDF

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)
2. ↑ David M. Needham, Susumu Yoshizawa, Toshiaki Hosaka, Camille Poirier, Chang Jae Choi, Elisabeth Hehenberger, Nicholas AT Irwin, Susanne Wilken, Cheuk-Man Yung, Charles Bachy, Rika Kurihara, Yu Nakajima, Keiichi Kojima, Tomomi Kimura-Someya , Guy Leonard, Rex R. Malmstrom, Daniel R. Mende, Daniel K. Olson, Yuki Sudo, Sebastian Sudek, Thomas A. Richards, Edward F. DeLong, Patrick J. Keeling, Alyson E. Santoro, Mikako Shirouzu, Wataru Iwasaki , Alexandra Z. Worden: A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators , in: PNAS, 23 September 2019, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1907517116 , ISSN 0027-8424, PDF
3. ^ E. Pertsch: Langenscheidts hand dictionary Latin-German, 7th edition, 1978, ISBN 3-468-07200-7 ; as well as the PONS online dictionary
4. ↑ M. Legendre et al .: In-depth study of Mollivirus sibericum, a new 30,000-y-old giant virus infecting Acanthamoeba. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. US A. (2015) 112 (38): E5327-5335 PMID 26351664
5. ↑ ^{a b} Frederik Schulz, Lauren Alteio, Danielle Goudeau, Elizabeth M. Ryan, Feiqiao B. Yu, Rex R. Malmstrom, Jeffrey Blanchard, Tanja Woyke: Hidden diversity of soil giant viruses , in: Nature Communicationsvolume 9, Article number: 4881 (2018) of November 19, 2018, doi: 10.1038 / s41467-018-07335-2
6. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018a v1 , on: ICTV - MSL including all taxa updates since the 2017 release
7. ↑ David M. Needham, Alexandra Z. Worden et al .: A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators , in: PNAS, 23 September 2019, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1907517116 , ISSN 0027-8424 , here: Supplement 1 (xlsx)
8. ↑ Center national de la recherche scientifique: List of the main “giant” viruses known as of today (March 2019) , Université Aix Marseille, March 2019.
9. ↑ The genera Prymnesiovirus and Raphidovirus are not considered in this work, Phaeovirus is prescribed as Phaevirus . YLPV seems to mean Yellowstone Phycodnavirus YSLPV 1 to 3, the spelling Yellow Lake Phycodnavirus (Ylpv-A, Ylpv-B) is otherwise only found in Kinyanyi et al . (2018). For clarification, see Zhang et al . (2015)
10. ↑ Corrected, see Phycodnaviridae §Systematics
11. ↑ Center national de la recherche scientifique: List of the main “giant” viruses known as of today , Université Aix Marseille, April 18, 2018
12. ↑ Chantal Abergel: Giant viruses physiology , March 24, 2017, Laboratoire Information Génomique et Structurale (IGS), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), Marseille, France
13. ↑ Claire Bertelli, Linda Mueller, Vincent Thomas, Trestan Pillonel, Nicolas Jacquier, Gilbert Greub: Cedratvirus lausannensis - digging into Pithoviridae diversity , Environmental Microbiology (2017) 19 (10), pp. 4022-4034, doi: 10.1111 / 1462-2920.13813
14. ↑ Bruno Guigliarelli, Bénédicte Burlat: PhD proposal: Structure and functional role of a new iron-sulfur protein family in giant viruses , Ecole Doctorale des Sciences Chimiques ED250, 2017