Myrtillin

Structural formula
General
Surname	Myrtillin
other names	Delphinidin3- O -β- D -glucopyranoside chloride; Delphinidin3-monoglucoside; Dolphinine chloride; Myrtillin chloride;
Molecular formula	C 21 H 21 ClO 12
Brief description	black solid (chloride)
External identifiers / databases
PubChem	165558
Wikidata	Q945655
properties
Molar mass	500.84 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	108 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	soluble in water and methanol
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	1850 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , ip )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

The myrtillin is a glycoside of delphinin . Both belong to the group of anthocyanidins, i.e. plant pigments that give various flowers and fruits their red or blue color.

Occurrence

Myrtillin v. a. hence the name myrtillin in the blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus ). It is also found in the black currant ( Ribes nigrum ). The compound was first investigated by Allen in 1927.

properties

On hydrolysis, myrtillin breaks down into one molecule of galactose and one molecule of myrtillidine . Myrtillin changes its color depending on the pH of the environment and is therefore suitable as an indicator .

Based on the study by Allen from 1927, myrtillin has a blood sugar stabilizing and insulin-saving effect in the human body . Probably the myrtillin is also one of the substances to which the blueberries owe their reputation as blood sugar lowerers. In addition, like most anthocyanins and anthocyanins , myrtillin is antioxidant .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 22, 2017 ( PDF ).
^ ^A ^b ^c Heinz A. Hoppe: Angiosperms . Walter de Gruyter, 1975, ISBN 978-3-11-083691-2 , p. 1108 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Gwynn Pennant Ellis, Geoffrey Buckle West: PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY . Butterworth-Heinemann, 1961, ISBN 978-0-08-086249-1 , pp. 187 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Muriel Wheldale Onslow: The Anthocyanin Pigments of Plants . Cambridge University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-1-107-63090-1 , pp. 74.81 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
↑ Amala Soumyanath: Traditional Medicines for Modern Times: Antidiabetic Plants . CRC Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-4200-1900-1 , pp. 155 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ VC Medvei: The History of Clinical Endocrinology: A Comprehensive Account of Endocrinology from the Earliest Times to the Present Day . CRC Press, 1993, ISBN 978-1-85070-427-0 , pp. 301 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Sigma-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Delphinidin 3-O-β-D-glucoside chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 22, 2017 ( PDF ).

[Heinz_A._Hoppe-2] A ^b ^c Heinz A. Hoppe: Angiosperms . Walter de Gruyter, 1975, ISBN 978-3-11-083691-2 , p. 1108 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Gwynn_Pennant_Ellis,_Geoffrey_Buckle_West-3] Gwynn Pennant Ellis, Geoffrey Buckle West: PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY . Butterworth-Heinemann, 1961, ISBN 978-0-08-086249-1 , pp. 187 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Muriel_Wheldale_Onslow-4] Muriel Wheldale Onslow: The Anthocyanin Pigments of Plants . Cambridge University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-1-107-63090-1 , pp. 74.81 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

[Amala_Soumyanath-5] Amala Soumyanath: Traditional Medicines for Modern Times: Antidiabetic Plants . CRC Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-4200-1900-1 , pp. 155 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[V.C._Medvei-6] VC Medvei: The History of Clinical Endocrinology: A Comprehensive Account of Endocrinology from the Earliest Times to the Present Day . CRC Press, 1993, ISBN 978-1-85070-427-0 , pp. 301 ( limited preview in Google Book search).