Mytilida

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Mytilida
Common blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)

Common blue mussel ( Mytilus edulis )

Systematics
Trunk : Molluscs (mollusca)
Sub-stem : Shell molluscs (Conchifera)
Class : Mussels (Bivalvia)
Subclass : Autolamellibranchiata
Subclass : Pteriomorphia
Order : Mytilida
Scientific name
Mytilida
Férussac , 1822

The Mytilida or Mytiloida are an order of the mussels (Bivalvia), which belongs to the infraclass Pteriomorphia within the Autolamellibranchiata . It is a group of mussels found exclusively in the sea. The oldest Mytilida possibly already appear in the Ordovician , certainly from Devon on.

features

The shells of the representatives of the Mytilida are originally egg-shaped, most groups have elongated shells. The vortex sits near the front end of the housing. The shell consists of aragonitic and calcitic layers as well as the z. T. also thick organic periostracum . The lock is usually simple, the lock teeth more or less reduced (dysodont or adont). The ligament is external and opisthodal, i. H. lies behind the vortex. The anterior sphincter muscle is significantly smaller than the posterior sphincter muscle, i.e. anisomyar. The surface line is not or only slightly indented. Many forms have a byssus with which they are attached or anchored to or in the substrate.

Geographical distribution and way of life

The representatives of the Mytilida live mainly in the tidal areas of today's seas or the shallow and deeper subtidal . They are mostly attached to the substrate with the help of organic byssus and can form colonies. Other groups live half or completely buried in loose sediment or have become secondary drilling in limestones and coral skeletons ( Lithophaga ). Other forms (subfamily Bathymodiolinae) have penetrated the deep sea and live in symbiosis with chemoautotrophic bacteria at hydrothermal springs and cold seas (e.g. methane springs ). Still other forms live on whale carcasses and sunken, larger tree trunks in deeper water or the deep sea.

Taxonomy

The order was drawn up in 1822 by André Étienne d'Audebert de Férussac . According to Bouchet & Rocroi (2010) and Carter et al. (2011) two superfamilies are assigned to the order Mytilida:

literature

  • Michael Amler, Rudolf Fischer & Nicole Rogalla: Mussels . Haeckel library, Volume 5. Enke Verlag, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-13-118391-8 .
  • Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi Rüdiger Bieler Joseph G. Carter Eugene V. Coan: Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families. Malacologia, 52 (2): 1-184, 2010 doi : 10.4002 / 040.052.0201
  • Rüdiger Bieler & Paula M. Mikkelsen: Bivalvia - a look at the branches . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 148: 223-235, London 2006.
  • Joseph G. Carter, Cristian R. Altaba, Laurie C. Anderson, Rafael Araujo, Alexander S. Biakov, Arthur E. Bogan, David C. Campbell, Matthew Campbell, Chen Jin-hua, John CW Cope, Graciela Delvene, Henk H Dijkstra, Fang Zong-jie, Ronald N. Gardner, Vera A. Gavrilova, Irina A. Goncharova, Peter J. Harries, Joseph H. Hartman, Michael Hautmann, Walter R. Hoeh, Jorgen Hylleberg, Jiang Bao-yu, Paul Johnston, Lisa Kirkendale, Karl Kleemann, Jens Koppka, Jiří Kříž, Deusana Machado, Nikolaus Malchus, Ana Márquez-Aliaga, Jean-Pierre Masse, Christopher A. McRoberts, Peter U. Middelfart, Simon Mitchell, Lidiya A. Nevesskaja, Sacit Özer , John Pojeta, Jr., Inga V. Polubotko, Jose Maria Pons, Sergey Popov, Teresa Sánchez, André F. Sartori, Robert W. Scott, Irina I. Sey, Javier H. Signorelli, Vladimir V. Silantiev, Peter W. Skelton, Thomas Steuber, J. Bruce Waterhouse, G. Lynn Wingard, Thomas Yancey: A Synoptical Classification of the Bivalvia (Mollusca). Kansas University Paleontological Contributions, 4: 1-47, Lawrence, Kansas, USA 2011, ISSN  1946-0279 PDF

Web links

Commons : Mytilida  - collection of images, videos and audio files