Nadezhda Prokofievna Suslova

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Nadeschda Suslowa (1860s)
Dissertation by Nadeschda Suslowa, 1867

Nadezhda Suslova ( Russian Надежда Прокофьевна Суслова ; born September 1 . Jul / 13. September  1843 greg. In Panino, Ujesd Gorbatov , government Nizhny Novgorod ; † 20th April 1918 in Alushta ) became the first doctorate in Russian doctor.

Life

Nadezhda Suslowa was born in 1843 as the daughter of a released Russian serf and peasant. Despite these extremely poor prerequisites for an academic career, she passed the exams for the grammar school and in 1859 obtained the house teacher diploma. From 1861 to 1864, she was allowed at the Medico-Surgical Academy in St. Petersburg guest student be. With this, however, the possibilities for the gifted young woman in Russia by Tsar Alexander II were exhausted. Because of the Russian ban on higher education for women, she was forced to go abroad. The University of Zurich was considered the most liberal teaching site in Europe because it is the first of a democratic state - had been established - regardless of the church or princes. For this reason women were accepted as listeners in lectures at the Philosophical Faculty as early as 1840. In 1866 Nadezhda Suslowa was the first Russian and at the same time the first woman allowed to enroll at the University of Zurich. Two years later she was followed by Marie Heim-Vögtlin, the first Swiss medical student at the University of Zurich.

She traveled to Zurich with her sister Apollinarija Suslowa , who became known as Fyodor Dostoyevsky's lover . In a letter she wrote home: “I am the first, but not the last. Thousands will come after me. ”In fact, in 1872 the Russians made up over 30 percent of all students at the University of Zurich. For women, the proportion was three times higher with 109 Russian women or 95 percent of all Zurich students. But none was as talented as Nadezhda Suslowa, who was only 24 years old to become the first female doctor in Switzerland and Russia. Under the matriculation number 3221 in the archives of the University of Zurich you can read that Suslowa received her doctorate on December 14, 1867 at the medical faculty. Her dissertation is entitled "Contributions to the Physiology of the Lymph Heart" (VZU 476).

Shortly after her doctorate, she married the Zurich ophthalmologist Friedrich Erismann on April 16, 1868 and moved with him to Saint Petersburg in 1869. While Erismann was running his practice there, Nadezhda Suslowa was the first woman in Russia to set up her own practice for gynecology and pediatrics . Their marriage was divorced on August 18, 1883 by the district court in Aarau . A few years earlier, Nadezhda Suslowa had met the Russian histologist Alexander Yefimowitsch Golubew, whom she married after her divorce from Erismann. Together they founded a joint practice around 1880 in the up-and-coming trading city of Nizhny Novgorod . Nadezhda Suslowa did not last long in the north, however, and in 1893 the couple moved on to the health resort Alushta on the Crimean peninsula. She provided the poor residents of the small town on the Black Sea with free medical care and founded a free school for the village children, a grammar school and the city hospital. In addition to her charitable work, the doctor wrote a few philosophical books.

Nadezhda Suslowa died on April 20, 1918 in Alushta and was buried in the village of Lasurnoje between cypresses and vineyards.

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personal data
SURNAME Suslowa, Nadezhda Prokofievna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Суслова, Наталья Прокофьевна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian doctor
DATE OF BIRTH September 13, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Panino, Ujesd Gorbatow , Nizhny Novgorod Governorate
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1918
Place of death Alushta