Nalbuphine
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Non-proprietary name | Nalbuphine | ||||||||||||
other names |
(-) - 17- (cyclobutylmethyl) -4,5 α -epoxymorphinan-3,6 α , 14-triol |
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Molecular formula | C 21 H 27 NO 4 | ||||||||||||
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Molar mass | 357.44 g · mol -1 | ||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Nalbuphine is a drug belonging to the group of pain relievers of the opioid type. It acts agonistically on the κ- opioid receptors and partially antagonistically on the µ-opioid receptors. The advantages of the partial antagonist are that opioid-related respiratory depression , e.g. B. postoperatively after the use of fentanyl during anesthesia , can be canceled with simultaneous continuation of pain treatment, as nalbuphine itself has an analgesic effect. The analgesic potency compared to morphine is 0.5-0.8. It is similar to pentazocine , but does not increase blood pressure or heart rate. In opiate-dependent patients, however, the use of nalbuphine can cause a withdrawal syndrome immediately after the injection .
Nalbuphine is used as a hydrochloride in injection solutions. The effect occurs quickly after two to three minutes. The half-life is around three hours. Simultaneous administration of treatment with μ-agonistic opioids such as morphine or fentanyl is contraindicated.
Trade names
Nalpain (D), Nubain (CZ, GR), Generics (A, CH)
literature
- Wolfgang Forth, Dietrich Henschler, Walter Rummel a. a. (Ed.): General and special pharmacology and toxicology . 8th edition. Urban & Fischer Verlag, Berlin et al. 2001, ISBN 3-437-42520-X , p. 254, 255, 260, 261 .
- Peter Tonner, Lutz Hein (Hrsg.): Pharmacotherapy in anesthesia and intensive medicine: Fundamentals and clinical concepts . 1st edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-540-79155-3 , pp. 128 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Data sheet nalbuphine hydrochloride hydrate from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 12, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Product information nalbuphine hydrochloride Orpha-Devel 10 mg / ml solution for injection. As of January 2008.