Nastaʿlīq

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Nastaʿlīq ( Persian نستعليق, DMG Nastaʿlīq ) is a special form of Arabic script and a special style of Persian calligraphy and, according to legend, was created by Mīr ʿAlī Tabrizi , a Persian calligrapher from the 14th / 15th centuries. Created in Tabriz . The Nastaliq script is an often very small cursive script and, as the name suggests, a mixture of Naschī and Taliq . In the 15th century it became the most widely used script in Persia and from there spread to the east.

Unlike the naschī , which emphasizes the horizontal line and the proportions between the letters and is used in a religious context, e.g. B. for the writing of the Koran or for quotes from the Koran or Hadith , Nastaʿlīq is the script for everyday use in administration, business, book titles, signs, posters and letters. It is considered to be the most elegant of the Persian fonts because of its sweeping beams, elongated horizontal lines, accentuated round shapes and the lack of serifs .

At the court of the Mughal emperor in Delhi Nasta'liq was in the 17th century because of the possibility for faster writing of administrative acts in court and administrative language Persian to the default font instead of the cleaner but more slowly to be written Persian handwriting. The confidant of Marathenfürsten Shivaji , Balaji Aviji should, observed this when staying there and analogous to the "broken Nasta'liq" ( Persian شکسته‌نستعلیق šekaste-nasta'liq ) introduced aspelling basedon the Devanagari script , the Moḍī script , at the Marathenhof ( hindi moḍī "broken").

Given its calligraphic nature, Nastaliq is difficult to grasp as a font for typesetting or computer rendering. For example, Monotypes Nastaliq Font required 20,000 different glyphs for photosetting .

From the Nastaʿlīq script, the Schekaste script (from Persian šekaste , "broken"), also used in letters and notes, is later called, also called Persian شکسته‌نستعلیق, DMG šekasteh nastaʿlīq .

Examples

See also

Individual evidence

  1. "naskh script". In: Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica 2010
  2. ^ "Mīr ʿAlī of Tabriz" In: Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite - Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica 2010
  3. Bozorg Alavi , Manfred Lorenz : Textbook of the Persian language. Langenscheidt, Leipzig etc. 1967, 7th ed. 1994, p. 273
  4. History of the modes font
  5. Bozorg Alavi, Manfred Lorenz: Textbook of the Persian language. 1994, p. 273.