Natan (Prophet)

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King David and Nathan, window (1896) in the city church of Schwabach

Natan , also Nathan , ( Hebrew נָתָן“(God) gave”) is an early prophet of the Israelites in the Tanakh and the Hebrew Bible who appeared during the reign of King David .

Natan in the biblical story

In the prophecy of Nathan in 2 Samuel , the prophet first encourages his king when he learns of his plans to build a temple in Jerusalem . The following night, YHWH reveals his criticism of the building of the temple to Natan and instructs him to forward his prophecy to King David. Natan then criticizes the planned building of the temple as inappropriate for the god of the nomadic tribes, but then promises David an eternal succession to the throne. Not he, but his son will build the temple; David's dynasty will last forever ( 2 Sam 7,1–16  EU ). This prophecy was found in exilic prophecy after the temple was destroyed in 586 BC. Related to the future Messiah . In the Christian interpretation it is interpreted as the announcement of Jesus of Nazareth in the Old Testament .

In the Natan parable in the 2nd book of Samuel , Natan appears as David's harsh critic commissioned by God for his murder of Uriah , his field captain, and for adultery with Bathsheba , his widow ( 2 Sam 12.1–24  EU ).

In the first book of kings , Natan was also the prophet who thwarted the coup plan of Adonia , another son of David, and who prematurely anointed Solomon as heir to the throne by order of David ( 1 KingsEU ).

literature

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