Adonija

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Adonija - Sgraffito (1555) from a market house in Telč (Czech Republic)

Adonija (also Adonia ) or Adonijahu is the fourth son of King David in the Old Testament . His mother was haggit . He was born in Hebron , the ancient sanctuary of the tribe of Judah ( 2 Sam 3,4  EU ). Similar to his half-brother Absalom , he was “well-formed” ( 1 Kings 1,6  ZUR ), ambitious and greedy for power.

etymology

The rarer form of the name Adonija (above, with a note “8 times”) and the more common form Adonijahu (twice below) in 1 Kings 1, 7–9  EU in the Codex of Aleppo

The Hebrew personal name "Adonija" has been handed down in two different forms, the short form אֲדֹנִיָּה 'ǎdonîjāh (e.g. 1 Kings 1,5  BHS ) and the long formאֲדֹנִיָּהוּ 'ǎdonîjāhû (e.g. 1 Kings 1,8  BHS ). It is a nominal sentence name, consisting of subject and predicate. Subject (and at the same time theophoric element) is a form of " YHWH " (יָהוּ jāhû orיָה jāh ), the predicate is the nounאֲדֹן 'ǎdon , German ' Lord ' . The name can therefore be translated as "YHWH is Lord". The Septuagint gives the name as Αδωνιας Adōnias , the Vulgate as Adonias .

Biblical narration

Adonia only played a role in David's last years of life: after his older brothers Amnon , Absalom and probably Kilab were dead, he laid claim to the successor to the throne, obtained a private army ( 1 Kings 1.5  EU ), and conspired with allies at court against the partisans of Solomon and let himself be made king by them at a secret meeting ( 1 Kings 1,7–9  EU ; 17–19 EU ).

But the prophet Nathan thwarted his plan, sent Solomon's mother, Bathsheba , to the dying David, uncovered the conspiracy and brought him to the premature anointing of Solomon to his successor to the throne ( 1 Kings 1,11–31  EU ). Adonia's followers fled and he had to recognize his brother as king over himself ( 1 Kings 1.49–53  EU ).

After David's death, Adonia asked Solomon to marry Abishag of Shunem ( 1 Kings 2.17  EU ). In the time before David's death, she was responsible for his care ( 1 Kings 1.3  EU ). Solomon understood this as a hidden attack on his royal dignity and took it as an opportunity to eliminate his brother and his followers at court ( 1 Kings 2 : 22–25  EU ). He even disregarded the right of asylum in the sanctuary and had the general Joab killed by his new general Benaja at the altar ( 1 Kings 2 : 29–34  EU ). Solomon had done away with possible rivals and from then on ruled over Israel and Judah ( 1 Kings 2.46  EU ).

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Rechenmacher : Old Hebrew personal names , Münster 2012, p. 111.
personal data
SURNAME Adonija
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Adonia
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Son of david
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century BC Chr.
PLACE OF BIRTH Hebron
DATE OF DEATH 10th century BC Chr.