National cycling plan

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Example of urban renewal : Construction of a cycle path along a main street in Amsterdam

The National Cycling Plan (NRVP) forms the basis for cycling policy in Germany. The Federal Ministry of Transport for Transport and Digital Infrastructure wants to support sustainable mobility as well as increasing the attractiveness of cycling in cities. The NRVP is also intended to contribute to the general acceptance of bicycle traffic.

history

The first National Cycling Plan 2002–2012 was passed in May 2002 by the German Bundestag with the votes of all parliamentary groups . This was done on the initiative of the federal-state working group for bicycle traffic, based on a submission by the Federal Ministry of Transport , which was created with the participation of representatives of the federal government, the states, the municipalities and associations ( ADFC , BUND , VCD , ZIV ). Since 2004, a dedicated website has provided comprehensive information about the National Cycling Plan, its goals and activities. The Federal Ministry of Transport is responsible for implementing the NRVP. It is advised by a twelve-person advisory board for cycling with representatives from the federal, state and local governments, science and associations.

As a further development, the National Cycling Plan 2020 was presented in early 2012 and approved by the Federal Cabinet on September 6, 2012. On April 24, 2013, the Transport Committee held a public hearing at which many of the associations involved called for greater federal participation in the financing of cycle paths.

aims

With the National Cycling Plan 2020 , quantitative goals were set for the first time. The share of cycling, calculated as a share of the modal split (the percentage of means of transport in the traffic volume in Germany), is to increase from 10% in 2008 to 15% in 2020. To this end, the proportion of cycling in rural areas is to increase from 8% to 13% and within urban communities from 11% to 16%. In view of the comparative figures for the Netherlands and Denmark , where cycling shares of 31% and 19% respectively were achieved in 2015, the German Ministry of Transport seems to achieve this target for 2020. Within the guiding principle of “cycling as a system”, the elements of infrastructure, communication and public relations as well as service and support should be given equal consideration.

In the NRVP, services are understood as:

  • The installation of bicycle tube vending machines in public spaces,
  • Public charging facilities for batteries from bicycles with electric motors ( pedelecs ),
  • taking bicycles with you in public transport ,
  • Offers for the notification of deficiencies in the infrastructure ("Scherbentelefon"),
  • the signage of bicycle traffic facilities as well
  • Bike stations

Fields of action

Bicycle traffic planning and conception

As the most important basis for the promotion of cycling, all essential starting and destination points in this network are to be linked with one another in the long term with a continuous cycling network suitable for everyday use. To this end, integrated and strategic cycling planning is to be established in municipalities and at the state level. The NRVP calls on the federal states to develop nationwide network concepts for cycling. It is recommended that municipalities include cycling in their transport development plans and take it into account to the same extent as other modes of transport. The federal states, municipalities and regional planning authorities should include cycling in their plans in a binding manner in order to ensure that it is promoted against competing traffic planning.

Infrastructure

The NRVP considers the further expansion of the cycling infrastructure to be necessary. Due to the increase in bicycle traffic, further infrastructure offers are to be developed, which expressly include cycle superhighways . In cities and communities with a high volume of bicycle traffic, traffic lights could be used to create a green wave for cyclists.

Traffic safety

Subjective safety: The SINUS bike monitor, published every two years, shows that almost half of cyclists feel unsafe in road traffic. While in 2009 two thirds of all cyclists surveyed said they felt “very safe” or “mostly safe”, it was only slightly more than half in the years 2011-2017. The cities of Kiel, Karlsruhe and Oldenburg have already succeeded in increasing traffic safety in exemplary fashion.

Objective safety: Accident black spots can often be traced back to deficiencies in the infrastructure. Where there is more cycling, there are fewer cycling accidents per kilometer driven. However, one in five seriously injured people is still a cyclist.

The general traffic climate plays an important role for safety as a whole. The federal road safety program focuses on protecting vulnerable road users. Exemplary security campaigns were carried out until mid-2016 in Berlin and Freiburg under the heading “Consideration campaign”.

With a Highway Code -Novelle in 2019/2020 is to bike zone in accordance with the rules of bicycle roads , the 30 kph zone supplement, a right turn on red for cyclists is introduced and is also for cycle lanes are a new traffic signs for a punctual overtaking -lane vehicles, so also of bicycles, is intended to increase safety in bottlenecks or hazardous areas. Driving side-by-side is to be made easier, the minimum overtaking distance of 1.5 meters in urban areas is to be stipulated (2 m outside of town), an innovation clause is to enable model tests, and the simplified opening of one-way streets for cyclists should make driving more attractive.

communication

The ongoing task of communication is intended, among other things, to promote safe and considerate coexistence in road traffic. The federal government plans to develop an umbrella brand with its own logo for all measures to promote cycling and to investigate how the existing certification systems for bicycle-friendly municipalities can be standardized.

Successful campaigns have already been initiated at the local level:

  • "Nuremberg rises"
  • "Aachen rides a bike"
  • "Munich cycling capital"

Cycle tourism

The twelve long-distance cycle routes of the cycle network in Germany ( D route ) are to be expanded to thirteen. In Germany there are now more than 200 predominantly regional tourist bike paths .

Electromobility

With pedelecs , commuting in commuter traffic is becoming a new option, even over long distances, especially between cities and their surrounding areas. In addition, this form of mobility opens up new opportunities for older citizens to participate in active mobility . When it comes to the design of the cycle paths, the new, fast bicycles have increased requirements for sufficiently wide cycle paths, wide curve radii and the avoidance of bollards and circumferential barriers .

Linking with other means of transport

Bicycles, public transport and other means of transport (e.g. car sharing and rental bicycles) should be able to be used in combination as part of an environmental network. That is why the continuous door-to-door mobility chain should be actively marketed. The municipalities are called upon to develop and promote cross-mode mobility offers. Employers are called upon to encourage their employees to use bicycles as part of company mobility management. It is also recommended to create more bicycle stations.

Mobility and traffic education

The National Cycling Plan criticizes that, contrary to the general trend, schoolchildren use their bikes continuously and significantly less than in previous years. It is recommended to use cycle-to-school plans that can be drawn up together with schoolchildren and that facilitate safe and independent mobility for children and young people.

Creating and securing qualities

Research and knowledge transfer are seen as an important basis for promoting cycling. One example is the model project pedestrian and bicycle-friendly city, a project of the Federal Environment Agency , which was carried out from 2001 to 2003. A quality management system for cycling (BYPAD) has been developed at European level.

Organizational structures

Many administrations already have cycling officers. This successful model is recommended to other municipalities and districts.

There are working groups of bicycle-friendly municipalities in:

  • North Rhine-Westphalia ( AGFS )
  • Baden-Württemberg
  • Bavaria
  • Lower Saxony / Bremen
  • Thuringia
  • Brandenburg
  • Saxony

Other bodies and functions:

  • A federal-state bicycle traffic working group meets twice a year
  • The municipal bicycle conference enables an exchange between the federal government and municipalities
  • The National Cycling Congress serves as an exchange between politics, administration and the specialist public
  • The bicycle traffic advisory board accompanies the bicycle traffic policy as an advisory body
  • Within the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) an officer for cycling has been appointed. This office is currently held by Karola Lambeck (2019).

Financial needs

In the cycling plan it is suggested that financial resources should be available in the municipalities per inhabitant and year:

  • for new construction, maintenance and operation of the infrastructure 6 to 15 euros
  • for parking in public spaces around 1 to 2.50 euros
  • for communication and service 0.50 to 2 euros

The financial requirements of the districts per inhabitant and year are estimated at 1 and 6 euros. Based on an average financial requirement of 15 euros per inhabitant per year, which municipalities and districts are supposed to raise annually, 80 million German citizens have an annual financial requirement of 1,200 million euros. Within the National Cycling Plan, 3 million euros are earmarked for the promotion of non-investment measures. This funding volume is used to finance competitions, educational programs and campaigns.

Federal benefits

  • the advanced training courses of the bicycle academy
  • The efficient mobile action program for mobility management by the German Energy Agency (dena), funded by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB)
  • the publication series Research Radverkehr (2010–2012) / Cycling Expertise (2010–2012), which is financed under the NRVP
  • a funding guide in the bicycle portal, which will be available for the entire duration of the NRVP 2020
  • the Bicycle Monitor Germany, which is carried out every two years
  • The Federal Government's bicycle report is intended to draw the conclusions for the further development of cycling funding at the federal level. The report was last published in its second edition in 2007. In 2014 the brochure Cycle Traffic in Germany, Numbers, Data, Facts was published
  • the German Bicycle Prize is awarded annually
  • the RADschlag project for mobility education, which is funded by the federal government under the leadership of the VCD. The project took place in the years 2009–2011.
  • the city cycling campaign
  • the campaign head on: engine off. The pilot project for this campaign was carried out in 2009 and 2010

In 2014, the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure published a 44-page brochure on the topics of cycling infrastructure, traffic volume and road safety. According to the NRVP, these key data on the development of cycling should be compiled and published every two years.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , ADFC, undated
  2. ↑ a b National Bicycle Traffic Plan ( Memento from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), BMVI, undated
  3. ↑ NRVP 2002-2012 ( Memento from June 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ National Cycling Plan , BMVI
  5. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 decided in the cabinet , Forum Sustainable Management, September 7, 2012
  6. ^ National Cycling Plan 2020 unanimously welcomed , The German Bundestag, Public Hearing of the Transport Committee, April 24, 2013
  7. ↑ Future mobility
  8. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 77
  9. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 85
  10. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 17
  11. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 25
  12. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 27
  13. ↑ a b Fahrrad-Monitor Deutschland 2017 , Sinus
  14. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 28
  15. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 30
  16. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 31
  17. ↑ Cycling safely in the crowd , Die Zeit, March 4, 2015
  18. ↑ Accident research by insurers ( memento of the original from March 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / udv.de
  19. ^ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 32
  20. ↑ Road safety campaign "Consideration - better than caution" ( Memento from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), BMVI, undated
  21. ↑ Germany takes consideration , updates
  22. ↑ Federal Transport Minister Scheuer on the bicycle-friendly amendment to the StVO , national-radverkehrsplan.de, June 8, 2019.
  23. ↑ Minister Scheuer is planning these new rules for road traffic , Neue Presse, August 15, 2019.
  24. ↑ a b National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 38
  25. ↑ a b National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 39
  26. ↑ a b c National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 36
  27. ↑ "Nuremberg rises" , a municipal cycling campaign
  28. ^ Cycling capital Munich , project site
  29. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 41
  30. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 46
  31. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 47
  32. ^ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 52
  33. ↑ a b c d National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 53
  34. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 50
  35. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 54
  36. ↑ a b c National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 58
  37. ↑ Pedestrian and bicycle-friendly city , Federal Environment Agency (UBA)
  38. ↑ BYPAD - Bicycle Policy Audit , BMVIT, o.J.
  39. ↑ a b c National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 61
  40. ↑ Working group of pedestrian and bicycle-friendly cities, municipalities and districts in North Rhine-Westphalia
  41. ↑ Working group of bicycle-friendly municipalities in Baden-Württemberg (AGFK-BW)
  42. ↑ Working group of bicycle-friendly municipalities in Bavaria
  43. ^ Working group of bicycle-friendly municipalities in Lower Saxony / Bremen
  44. ^ Official website of the AGFK Brandenburg. Retrieved on July 19, 2019 (German).
  45. ↑ Rad.SN. Retrieved July 19, 2019 .
  46. ↑ Appointment of the bicycle traffic officer of the BMVI , BMVI, o.J.
  47. ↑ a b National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 63
  48. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 68
  49. ↑ Bicycle Academy , BMVI
  50. ^ The action program for mobility management
  51. ↑ Research on bicycle traffic , BMVI, no year.
  52. ↑ Cycling Expertise , BMVI, o.J.
  53. ↑ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 62
  54. ↑ Funding Guide , BMVI, undated
  55. ↑ a b c National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 64
  56. ↑ Bicycle Monitor Germany 2015 , Sinus
  57. ↑ Germany: Second bicycle report published by the Federal Government , BMVI, September 25, 2007
  58. ↑ a b Radverkehr in Deutschland Figures, data, facts , BMVI, August 2014 - as a normal PDF file
  59. ^ National Cycling Plan 2020 , Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development, October 2012, p. 55
  60. ↑ Information about cycling for kindergartens, schools, families and clubs
  61. ↑ Evaluation of the project "RADschlag - information about bikes for kindergartens, schools and clubs" - invitation to submit an offer ( memento of March 30, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), BMVI,
  62. ↑ Ways to a bicycle-friendly community ( Memento from March 17, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Stadtradeln, undated
  63. ↑ Stadtradeln 2015 - a summary of the ADFC , The local mobility master plan must not remain a paper tiger, by Harald Wendler, Mönchengladbacher Zeitung, September 27, 2015
  64. ↑ Promotion of cycling in cities and municipalities , German Association of Cities and Municipalities, June 2014, p. 14
  65. ↑ Head to: Engine off , Wuppertal Institute,
  66. ↑ Cycling in Germany Figures, data, facts , BMVI, August 2014