bike street

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bicycle street in Darmstadt

A bicycle road is a road intended for bicycle traffic , usually its lane (but not, for example, sidewalks ). It should increase the attractiveness of cycling and create advantages over motor vehicle traffic.

It should be noted that the bicycle road should not be confused with bicycle lanes , as there are major differences in the road traffic regulations. The exact regulations vary from state to state. While a cycle path is separated from the road by marking (then cycle lane ) or by a board, green verge, parked cars or the like, the cycle road refers to the (entire) roadway that becomes the cycle path. According to a study published in 2016, there were 426 cycle streets in 110 surveyed municipalities in Germany.

Country-specific regulations

Belgium

In Belgium, the concept of the bicycle road (Fietsstraat / Rue cyclable) has existed since February 13, 2012, and the associated traffic signs, which mark the beginning and end of a bicycle road, since December 4, 2012. In bicycle streets, cyclists are allowed to use the full width of the lane if this is a one-way street in their direction of travel, or the right half of the lane if the lane is cleared in both directions. Motor vehicles are allowed to use bicycle lanes, but are not allowed to overtake cyclists. A maximum speed of 30 km / h applies in bicycle streets.

Germany

In Germany, bicycle roads are reserved for bicycle traffic. They may only be used with other vehicles where this is indicated by additional symbols. Often the traffic of other vehicles is only allowed for residents or only in one direction of travel ( one-way street ). The maximum speed for all vehicles is 30 km / h. Cyclists have the right to ride next to each other on cycle roads at any time - on other roads this only applies "if this does not hinder traffic" ( § 2 Paragraph 4 Sentence 1 StVO ). Motorists may need to reduce their speed to avoid obstructing or endangering cyclists.

  • Bicycle road signs

  • Sign 244.1
    start of the bicycle street

  • Sign 244.2
    end of the bicycle     street

  • Additional sign 1020-13
    " Inline skating and roller skating free"

  • With the addition "Motor vehicle traffic free"

Children under the age of eight who ride bicycles, pedestrians and inline skaters must - as on other streets - use the sidewalk or hard shoulder, if available and usable. Can by the notation "in-line skating and roller skating free" in-line skating and roller skating are allowed on the road.

The legal basis is number 23 to sign 244.1 in Appendix 2 of the Road Traffic Regulations . In the administrative regulation for road traffic regulations it says on the bicycle road: “I. Bicycle roads come into consideration if bicycle traffic is the predominant type of traffic or if this is to be expected soon. II. Vehicle traffic other than bicycle traffic may only be permitted in exceptional cases by placing appropriate additional signs (e.g. motor vehicles or faster electric bikes ). Therefore, the needs of motor vehicle traffic must be sufficiently taken into account before the arrangement (alternative traffic routing). ”As an important component of the promotion of bicycle traffic , the establishment of a bicycle street often complements the opening of one-way streets in both directions for bicycle traffic . It is recommended to provide specific information to local residents when setting up to facilitate the adjustment.

layout

Bicycle road with clearance for motor vehicles

So far there has been no uniform design and no clear guidelines, except for the signs specified by the StVO. However, only about half of the road users are aware of the applicable rules, such as the permission to drive side by side. Accordingly, it is important to make the function of the bicycle street self-explanatory through the design. In different cities, cycle streets are shown with no or different markings. White or blue pictograms with cyclists or longitudinal markings to delimit the lane are used. Likewise, the right-to-left regulation common in Tempo 30 zones has so far predominantly been used , but it slows down bicycle traffic. Only in a few cities, such as Hanover, Bremen, Hamburg or Göttingen, has priority given to vehicle traffic from side streets been signposted or introduced through design (side streets lead over sidewalks / lowered curbs onto the bicycle street).

In 2015, the Accident Research of Insurers (UDV) completed a research project on the safety of bicycle roads, among other things. Regarding accidents, it was stated: "Accidents in bicycle streets happen relatively rarely and are less severe in comparison with all urban bicycle accidents." The following recommendations are also given for the safe design of bicycle roads: Motor vehicle traffic should be restricted to local traffic. “Through traffic is to be prevented. Entry and passage bans must be consistently monitored. ” The width of the tramline should be at least 4 m wide so that two cyclists traveling next to each other can safely meet in each direction of travel. Again, the tramline should not be wider than 5 m in order to prevent the vehicles from moving too high. Cars to be parked must be provided with safety clearances in addition to the width of the tramline. The safety distance to motor vehicles parked lengthways should be at least 0.75 m. The design of bicycle streets should be as uniform as possible across the entire street. The following is recommended: "In order for the bicycle road to live up to its importance as an infrastructure element with priority for cyclists, the bicycle road should be given right of way at the intersections as far as possible." The UDV also states that appropriate educational work on the bicycle road traffic sign is necessary.

Differences from Tempo 30 zones

From a legal point of view, there are only minor differences between the 30 km / h speed zones and bicycle streets in the many bicycle roads that are also permitted for other traffic due to the signs. Essentially, only the emphasis remains on the fact that bicycle traffic must neither be endangered nor hindered, that motor vehicle traffic must reduce its speed further if necessary and that bicycles can be used side by side. In addition to the creation of bicycle zones, the transfer of the rules for bicycle roads to all 30 km / h zones is also discussed. The emphasis on bicycle-friendliness would then be done through the design (e.g. lane markings, few parked vehicles). With the amendment to the Road Traffic Regulations (StVO) in 2020 the road to [a little] more secure, climate-friendly and fair, with the introduction of a traffic sign bicycle zone (sign 244.3) the conditions for the establishment should be facilitated miniature electric vehicles are in bicycle roads and also permitted in bicycle zones.

Distribution since 2014

In the summer of 2014 there were more than 140 bicycle streets in Germany, three of which are in Kassel , 12 in Hanover , 16 in Münster , 17 in Berlin , 18 in Kiel , 30 in Essen and 58 in Munich . Munich states that it has most of the bicycle roads in Germany, although in some cases only short sections are designated as bicycle roads. All in all, Munich's bicycle roads are 20.6 km long, which is a top value nationwide.

In 2018, the number of bicycle streets in Munich rose to 63. The Kiel bicycle roads are 10 km long. According to this, an average bicycle road there is 550 m long. In Hesse, the three-kilometer cycle route between Dreieich-Buchschlag train station and Sprendlingen on Liebknechtstrasse is the longest in Hesse , some with right of way on the bicycle road. In Bonn , a concept has been developed and started to be implemented since 2011, which provides for 50 kilometers of bicycle roads in the federal city. Of this, around 30 km have been implemented in 50 individual streets (as of August 2019). In April 2019, a red-paved bicycle street was set up in the Parkallee between Hohenlohestraße and Am Stern in Bremen.

  • Signs for the bicycle zone

  • Sign 244.3
    Start of a bicycle zone

  • Sign 244.4
    end of a bicycle zone

Netherlands

Example of an auto te gast bicycle road in Nijmegen

In the Netherlands there is no legal regulation of bicycle roads. They are therefore created in different forms within the scope of the legal possibilities by the municipalities, generally as wider cycle paths, which are typically provided with red asphalt and signposted in such a way that they are also open to motor vehicle traffic with certain restrictions, but to motor vehicles Bicycle traffic is subordinate. In various cities, such as Amsterdam and Utrecht , the unofficial traffic sign fietsstraat - auto te gast ("bicycle street - car to guest") is used.

Austria

Bicycle roads in Austria are reserved for bicycle traffic. Other vehicles are generally only allowed to cross cycle roads or use them to enter or exit; this restriction does not apply to vehicles that are allowed to enter pedestrian zones. A speed limit of 30 km / h applies on bicycle roads. Cyclists may ride side by side on bicycle roads.

The legal framework for bicycle roads was created by the 25th StVO amendment that came into force on March 31, 2013 . Efforts were made in 2011 to introduce bicycle roads in Vienna. The necessary changes to the law (23rd amendment to the Road Traffic Act in 2011), however, failed due to the opposition of the ÖVP , despite the approval of the association . The Kuchelauer Hafenstrasse in Vienna has been Austria's first bicycle street since April 2013. As part of the tourist Danube Cycle Path, it is an essential cycle route for commuters as well as for leisure traffic from neighboring Lower Austria. With Hofjagdstraße , a second bicycle street was set up in Vienna in 2015, and more are planned.

Sweden

In 2012 the capital Stockholm decided on a budget to build bicycle roads, among other things. In January 2018, the report on the pilot project in Swiss cities mentioned Sweden as an example of a bicycle road built around autumn 2016.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, the term Velostrasse (Swiss for bicycle road ) does not appear in the Traffic Rules Ordinance (VRV) as of February 2019 . In a pilot project scheduled from August 2016 to October 2017, the Federal Roads Office (astra) tested eight bicycle routes in five participating cities for the first time.

  • Mülhauserstrasse, Basel
  • St. Alban-Rheinweg, Basel
  • Beundenfeldstrasse – Militärstrasse, Bern
  • Erlachstrasse – Freiestrasse, Bern
  • Taubenhausstrasse – Bruchstrasse, Lucerne
  • Lindenstrasse, St. Gallen
  • Affolternstrasse – Zelglistrasse, Zurich
  • Scheuchzerstrasse, Zurich

All participating cities want to introduce the Velostrassen after completion of the pilot project and designate more roads, but the federal government is still on the brakes as of February 2019. The 5 cities also refer to the Federal Decree on Velo , which the voters accepted in September 2018, and want to further promote cycling. The 8 established bicycle roads may remain in operation until a definitive decision to introduce bicycle roads has been made. (As of February 2019) In Zurich, the Velostrasse pilot facility only existed from December 2016 to the end of September 2017.

Problems

Traffic on a bicycle street in Berlin-Neukölln

Bicycle roads are intended, among other things, to reduce vehicle traffic and thus to calm traffic. In particular, inner-city bicycle streets are, however, usually released for motorized traffic with an exception rule for residents . The Berlin Mobility Act , for example, stipulates in Section 43 (2) that bicycle roads should be designed in such a way that “individual motorized traffic, except for destination and source traffic, does not occur in the respective street section”. The ban on driving through for non-residents and the rights of cyclists, such as driving side by side, are not always known to motorists or are ignored. Cycle roads are sometimes used by these to bypass more frequented main roads. According to counts by a residents' initiative in 2017 in a bicycle street in Berlin, 97 percent of it was illegally misused by motorists as a thoroughfare. This leads to conflicts between bicycle traffic and motor traffic. Cities are sometimes trying to counteract this with awareness- raising campaigns or to reduce vehicle traffic by designating the respective street as a one-way street or modal filters . Bicycle associations consider a general closure of bicycle roads for motor vehicle traffic or at least retractable bollards as a possible sensible solution.

See also

  • Bike route
  • Bus lanes - when open to cyclists, they offer similar ride comfort as bicycle streets

Web links

Commons : Fahrradstraße  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Fahrradstraße  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Thilo Becker: The design of the successful bicycle road model - further development for Tempo 30 zones. In: Straßenverkehrstechnik - May 2019, pages 332-340, accessed on December 1, 2019
  2. ↑ a b Norbert Schläger u. a .: Safety assessment of bicycle streets and the opening of one-way streets. Research report no. 41. German Insurance Association e. V., Berlin 2016.
  3. ↑ Laure Lemmens: Fietsstraat krijgt officieel verkeersbord. In: wegcode.be. Wolters Kluwer Belgium NV, December 27, 2012, accessed January 4, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Article 22novies. Circulation in the rues cyclables. In: Arrêté royal portant règlement général sur la police de la circulation routière et de l'usage de la voie publique. Retrieved January 4, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Article 22novies. Verkeer in fietsstraten. In: Koninklijk besluit houdende algemeen reglement op de politie van het wegverkeer en van het gebruik van de openbare weg. Retrieved January 4, 2018 .
  6. ↑ a b Appendix 2 of the Road Traffic Regulations , number 23 to sign 244.1
  7. ↑ Appendix 2 of the Road Traffic Regulations , number 23 to sign 244.1, explanation 2. dvr.de ( memento from June 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) in connection with § 2 paragraph 5 Road Traffic Regulations
  8. ↑ Appendix 2 of the Road Traffic Regulations , Number 23 to Sign 244.1, Explanation 2. dvr.de ( Memento from June 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) in connection with § 25 Road Traffic Regulations, in particular its paragraph 1 sentences 1-2
  9. ↑ Appendix 2 of the Road Traffic Regulations , Number 23 to Sign 244.1, Explanation 2. dvr.de ( Memento from June 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) in conjunction with Section 24 Paragraph 1 and Section 25 Road Traffic Regulations, in particular Section 25 Paragraph 1 Sentences 1-2
  10. ↑ Section 31 (2) of the Road Traffic Act
  11. ↑ Administrative regulation for road traffic regulations , to signs 244.1 and 244.2
  12. ↑ Some drivers simply ignore the rule , Süddeutsche Zeitung , interview with the bicycle traffic officer in Munich Florian Paul, July 12, 2018
  13. ↑ Accident research by insurers: Result article on research project on safety in bicycle streets and one-way streets. In: Traffic safety of bicycle streets and open one-way streets. Accident Research of Insurers (UDV), September 9, 2016, accessed on June 28, 2020 .
  14. ^ [German Institute for Urban Studies: Committee printed matter 19 (15) 268-A Opinion on the 50th meeting - public. Hearing on September 25, 2019 German Bundestag, Committee on Transport and Digital Infrastructure, accessed on December 1, 2019]
  15. ↑ Appendix 2 StVO 2013 - individual standard. Retrieved May 1, 2020 .
  16. ↑ We are making road traffic even safer, more climate-friendly and fairer , Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure on February 14th for the amendment to the road traffic regulations with the bicycle zone traffic sign, accessed on March 6, 2020
  17. ^ City of Kassel. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved June 29, 2017 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / kassel-one.de  
  18. ↑ Susanna Bauch: New cycle route parallel to the Lister Meile . In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung . July 24, 2014 ( haz.de ).
  19. ↑ City of Münster. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 15, 2016 ; accessed on February 14, 2016 .
  20. ↑ Christoph Rauch: Bicycle roads instead of motorways! BLN.FM , February 1, 2014, accessed July 7, 2015 .
  21. ↑ a b Bicycle streets in Kiel. In: kiel.de . State capital Kiel, accessed on July 7, 2015 .
  22. ↑ Five years of bicycle-friendly StVO amendment. In: Rad im Pott. Retrieved September 9, 2015 .
  23. ↑ Bicycle streets. Roads with priority for cycling. In: muenchen.de . City of Munich, Kreiverwaltungsreferat, 2014, accessed on July 7, 2015 .
  24. ^ State capital Munich, editorial office: Fahrradstraßen. Retrieved January 24, 2018 .
  25. ↑ Süddeutsche Zeitung, September 6, 2018
  26. ↑ Fahrradstrasse: Fewer Cars, More Security , op-online.de, January 29, 2019.
  27. ^ Bicycle roads in Bonn , added Nov. 3, 2019
  28. ↑ Nina Willborn: Red Carpet for Cyclists: Parkallee officially marked as a bicycle street weser-kurier.de, April 16, 2019, accessed May 28, 2020.
  29. ↑ Fietsstraat. In: Veilig Verkeer. Retrieved January 4, 2018 .
  30. ↑ § 67 of the Road Traffic Act 1960 , came into force on March 31, 2013. Federal Chancellery Austria ; Retrieved April 8, 2014.
  31. ↑ Federal Law Gazette I No. 39/2013
  32. ↑ Conventional roads could soon give way to bicycle roads . derStandard.at
  33. ↑ Radstraßen: ÖVP overturns red-green prestige project . The press, March 29, 2011
  34. ↑ Bicycle traffic is slowly picking up momentum . The press, May 14, 2011
  35. ↑ Vienna has Austria's first bicycle road, Kuchelauer Hafenstrasse has the first route after the amendment to the StVO has come into force . City of Vienna, April 3, 2013
  36. ↑ Vienna's second bicycle street opened in Hietzing . accessed August 15, 2015
  37. ↑ Stefan Manser et al .: Velostrassen pilot test: Evaluation of pilot test: Federal Roads Office (FEDRO). Metron Bern AG, January 4, 2018. Accompanied by the Federal Roads Office (FEDRO) and the Advice Center for Accident Prevention (bfu). Downloadable at: Pilot test Velostrassen mobilitaet.bs.ch, Canton Basel-Stadt Mobility planning , traffic infrastructure, accessed May 28, 2020. - "Velostrassen (Fietsstraten) have been established in the Netherlands since the 1980s. Today there are over 1,000 bicycle roads across the country In 1997, Velostrassen were introduced in Germany, 2012 in Belgium and 2013 in Austria. " (P. 13) ... (about NL, D, A, B :) shows that although the objectives and the basic concept of Velostrasse are similar everywhere, the specific regulations of rights and obligations and the requirements for an arrangement differ greatly . ... Examples also in Sweden and the USA (p. 15) ... Conclusions and outlook (p. 65–68)
  38. ↑ Martin Regenass: “I drive like a wild one now” bazonline.ch, December 2016, accessed May 28, 2020.
  39. ↑ Fabian Baumann: Astra says yes and no to Velostrassen velojournal.ch, January 29, 2019, accessed May 28, 2020.
  40. ↑ Sabine Dahinden: Pilot project with Velostrassen - free travel for bicycles. In: srf.ch . February 5, 2019, accessed February 6, 2019 .
  41. ↑ Pilot cities are calling for the introduction of bicycle roads - but the Astra is on the brakes watson.ch, February 5, 2019, accessed May 28, 2020.
  42. ↑ Cities are in favor of introducing cycle roads: the federal government proposes further discussions with specialist committees and associations stadt-zuerich.ch, City of Zurich, Security Department. February 5, 2019, accessed May 28, 2020.
  43. ↑ Bicycle filter for back roads | ADFC cycling time. Retrieved June 28, 2020 (German).
  44. ↑ Gudrun Mallwitz: This is how Berlin neighborhoods suffer from the traffic in side streets. October 20, 2018, accessed on June 28, 2020 (German).
  45. ↑ Demo "Echte Fahrradstrasse" instead of 97 percent illegal through traffic on Prinzregentenstrasse. Retrieved June 28, 2020 .
  46. ↑ Berliner Zeitung: Kampfzone Fahrradstraße. Retrieved June 28, 2020 (German).
  47. ↑ "What is a bicycle street?" Retrieved June 28, 2020 .
  48. ^ Harvestehuder Weg bicycle road: ADFC demands: bollards instead of cars. March 11, 2016, accessed June 28, 2020 (German).