National Gallery (Berlin)
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The National Gallery in Berlin is a collection of art from the 19th , 20th and 21st centuries under the umbrella of the Berlin State Museums of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation .
Inventory overview
The following collections and the museum buildings assigned to them together form the holdings of the Nationalgalerie Berlin:
- 19th century art:
- 20th century art:
- planned: Museum of the 20th Century
- Contemporary art:
Historical development
The National Gallery Berlin was founded in 1861 on the occasion of a donation from the banker Joachim Heinrich Wilhelm Wagener and was intended to serve the collection of modern art. In 1876 the collection moved into the then newly built National Gallery, today's Old National Gallery .
The collection grew over time through acquisitions and other donations. From 1919 Ludwig Justi set up a gallery for modern art in the Kronprinzenpalais .
In 1937 around 500 works from this collection were confiscated by the National Socialists as degenerate art . During the Second World War , the collections were relocated to protect against bombs and the building of the National Gallery was destroyed. The stocks were divided.
After the war, some of the holdings were shown in the rebuilt National Gallery on Museum Island . The parts of the collection that remained in West Berlin were shown from 1968 in the newly built New National Gallery at the Kulturforum .
After the German reunification , the divided holdings of the Nationalgalerie were also brought together again and partially reorganized. Due to its size, the collection is now divided into five museum buildings. While the art of the 19th century is housed in the Alte Nationalgalerie and art of the 20th century from classical modernism to art of the 1960s in the Neue Nationalgalerie, contemporary art is housed in the Hamburger Bahnhof , the Museum für Gegenwart - Berlin, founded in 1996, to see. The Berggruen Collection is located in the Berggruen Museum in the western Stüler building opposite Charlottenburg Palace , with works by Pablo Picasso and other artists of the classical modern era . The eastern Stülerbau houses the Scharf-Gerstenberg Collection, a collection of surrealist art that has been open to the public since July 10, 2008. Sculptures from the early 19th century are on display in the Friedrichswerder Church . Some of the Nationalgalerie's holdings, for example GDR art , are still in the depots today due to a lack of space .
The 1929 by Ludwig Justi founded development association " Friends of the National Gallery " presented in the Second World War its activities. In 1977 it was re-established by Peter Raue and has since supported the Nationalgalerie again in the form of art purchases and the financing and realization of special exhibitions.
Directors of the National Gallery
Directors until 1945
- 1874–1895: Max Jordan
- 1896–1908: Hugo von Tschudi
- 1909–1933: Ludwig Justi
- 1933: Alois Schardt
- 1934–1937: Eberhard Hanfstaengl
- 1937–1945: Paul Ortwin Rave
Directors of the National Gallery in East Berlin (National Museums in Berlin)
- 1945–1950: Paul Ortwin Rave
- 1950–1957: Ludwig Justi
- 1957–1966: Vera-Maria Ruthenberg (provisional)
- 1966–1975: Willi Geismeier
- 1975–1983: Eberhard Bartke
- 1983–1985: Willi Geismeier
- 1986–1991: Peter Betthausen
Directors of the National Gallery in West Berlin (Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation)
- 1957–1964: Leopold Reidemeister
- 1965–1966: Stephan Waetzoldt (acting)
- 1967–1974: Werner Haftmann
- 1974–1975: Wieland Schmied (provisional)
- 1975–1997: Dieter Honisch (from 1992 director of the united National Gallery)
Directors from 1992
- 1975–1997: Dieter Honisch (until 1991 director only for the West Berlin National Gallery)
- 1999–2008: Peter-Klaus Schuster
- since November 2008: Udo Kittelmann , until October 2020
Kittelmann is curator of many exhibitions at home and abroad and publisher and author of numerous non-fiction books and other publications on contemporary and modern art . In addition, Kittelmann worked, among other things, on the Advisory Board for Fine Arts of the Goethe Institute .
Kittelmann curated the Russian pavilion at the Venice Art Biennale in 2013, making him the first non-Russian commissioner of the pavilion. He showed Vadim Zakharov .
literature
- Dieter Honisch The National Gallery Berlin , Aurel Bongers Verlag, Recklinghausen, 1979.
- Udo Kittelmann / Birgit Verwiebe / Angelika Wesenberg (eds.): The collection of the banker Wagener. The foundation of the National Gallery . EA Seemann Verlag, Leipzig 2011, ISBN 978-3-86502-274-5 .
- Claudia Rückert, Sven Kuhrau (Ed.): "The German Art". National Gallery and National Identity, 1876–1998 . Verlag der Kunst, Amsterdam 1998, ISBN 90-5705-093-5 .
- Peter-Klaus Schuster (Ed.): The National Gallery . DuMont, Cologne 2001, ISBN 978-3-8321-7004-2 .
Remarks
- ↑ As of August 2008
- ↑ Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz News of August 21, 2019: Udo Kittelmann is leaving the Nationalgalerie in October 2020 at his own request , accessed on August 21, 2019
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. monopoly. Magazine for Art and Life Kunstticker, October 2, 2012
Web links
- Old National Gallery (19th century art)
- Exhibition of German art from the period 1775-1875 in the Royal National Gallery, Berlin 1906 . Selection of the most outstanding pictures. Published by F. Bruckmann, Munich 1906
- Exhibition of German art from the period 1775-1875 in the Königliche Nationalgalerie, Berlin - Catalog of the paintings AZ Verlag: F. Bruckmann, Munich 1906
- New National Gallery (20th Century Art)
- Hamburger Bahnhof - Museum für Gegenwart (art of the 21st century)
- Association of Friends of the National Gallery