Science lessons
Science education includes school education with a focus on the natural sciences .
Basics
In the classic triad of the humanistic (ancient language) , the modern language and the realistic general education school forms, science education is one of the main focuses of the latter, alongside economics schools . It is typically an advanced course for university entrance qualification . While natural science subjects such as geography , and of course mathematics , are part of the basic general education in schools, the natural science lessons specifically focus on subjects such as biology , chemistry and physics , as well as the fundamentals of technology .
The model of a scientific education arose in the age of the Enlightenment .
Methodology and subjects
The basic educational goal is to impart scientific methodological research . Experimental experience and contact with laboratories are characteristic of science lessons . The basic scientific work in the concept hypothesis - experimental verification - conclusion is conveyed. In the higher grades, practical exams and professional internships can also be integrated into the lessons.
In addition to separate subjects, there are also modern forms, for example:
- Nature and Technology (NuT), generally as an introductory subject in lower secondary education
- Natural phenomena (NPh) in Baden-Württemberg
- Scientific work (NWA) in Baden-Württemberg (initially as a subject association)
- Natural science and technology (NwT) in Baden-Württemberg
A special focus in these lessons in younger years is on the advancement of girls, who are still clearly underrepresented in scientific activities in the German-speaking countries. One of the many examples is the FTC program at the Königin-Katharina-Stift-Gymnasium in Stuttgart .
School types
The typical type of school for teaching natural sciences is the natural sciences high school , as preparation for university studies at natural sciences faculties and relevant universities of applied sciences . Otherwise they are mostly specializations and branches of general high schools .
See also
literature
- Reinders Duit: Goals for Science Education - Demands and Reality. In: PLUS LUCIS 1/97 (1997), Fachdidaktik , pp. 3–13 ( PDF , univie.ac.at).
- PJ Fensham: Long Term Effects of Science Education at School. In: Research in Science Education , 1975, pp. 11-20.
- Claudia Schreiner, Ursula Schwantner (Ed.): PISA 2006: Austrian expert report on the natural sciences. Leykam-Verlag, Graz 2009. ( online , bifie.at).
- P. Häußler, R. Lauterbach: Aims of scientific teaching. To justify substantive decisions. Beltz publishing house, Weinheim 1976.
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Andrea Grafendorfer, Herbert Neureiter: Lessons in natural science. 9.1 in lit. Schreiner, Schwantner: PISA 2006. ( Chapter online ( Memento of the original from March 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. , bifie.at).
- ↑ cf. Lit. Duit, 1997, p. 3, column 2 f (pdf p. 1).
- ^ A b c Grafendorfer, Neureiter: Lessons in natural science. 9.1 in lit. Schreiner, Schwantner, sections Experimenting in the Classroom and Scientific Investigations.
- ^ Lessons in natural science Andrea Grafendorfer & Herbert Neureiter online , bifie.at
- ↑ cf. Grafendorfer, Neureiter: Lessons in natural science. 9.1 in lit. Schreiner, Schwantner, section Assessment of science lessons for girls and boys.
