Nebraska Territory
The Nebraska Territory was a historic territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854 to March 1, 1867, when Nebraska became the 37th state to join the Union. It was created in 1854 by the Kansas-Nebraska Act . The territorial capital was Omaha .
history
An enabling bill was passed by the United States Congress in 1864 . Delegates were elected to a constitutional convention, but this convention did not pass a constitution. Two years later, in 1866, a constitution was drafted and passed. It was confirmed with 100 votes. However, a clause in this constitution regarding restricted voting rights for “free white men” delayed Nebraska's admission to the Union for nearly a year. The State Enabling Act of 1866 was pocket vetoed by President Andrew Johnson . When Congress convened again in 1867, it passed another bill to create the state of Nebraska, on the condition that Nebraska's constitution should repeal restricted voting rights. President Johnson also vetoed this bill. Congress annulled its veto.
Battle for the State Capitol
Omaha City really wanted to be the capital of the new state. In early 1854, local businessmen established the Omaha Claim Club as part of a move to persuade the territory's parliament to keep the capital in Omaha. Their aggressive efforts towards parliament led it to move the capital to Scriptown , which was later changed by the judgment of Baker v. Morton was declared illegal.
In January 1858, following an outbreak of violence at the Capitol Building, a group of MPs illegally moved the Nebraska Territory Parliament to Florence . The skirmish led MPs from Nebraska City , Florence, and other parishes to rally outside of Omaha after repeated and persistent votes to relocate the capital of Omaha. Despite the majority of MPs at the time in the vote on the replacement of the capital, the "Florence Legislature" did not follow the wavering governor of the Nebraska Territory. Omaha remained the capital until Nebraska became a state in 1867.
Early settlement
Some towns, forts, and trading posts had been established in the Nebraska Territory from the early 1800s to 1867, including Fontenelle's Post (founded 1806), Fort Lisa (1806), Fort Atkinson (1819), Cabanne's Trading Post (1822), Cutler's Park (1846), Omaha City (1853), Bellevue (1853), Nebraska City (1855), Kearney City (1855) and Lancaster , Saratoga , South Nebraska City and Florence (all 1856).
Early military posts
Fort Atkinson was established in 1819 with a variety of early fur trading posts. It was the location of the first military post in what would later become the Nebraska Territory, and the first school was located here. Other posts in the Nebraska Territory were Fort Kearny near present-day Kearney; Fort McPherson near present-day Maxwell, Nebraska; Fort Mitchell near present-day Mitchell, Nebraska; Fort Randall in what was later to be South Dakota and Fort Caspar, Fort Halleck, Fort Laramie and Fort Sander in what is now Wyoming .
Limits
The original boundaries of the Nebraska Territory ( specified in the Organic Act ) included large parts of the area acquired by the Louisiana Purchase ; the territorial boundaries were:
- south - 40 ° N (current Kansas- Nebraska border );
- west - the continental divide between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans;
- north - 49 ° N (US- Canada border );
- east - White Earth River and Missouri .
Later creation of new territories
After its inception, the territory encompassed most of the northern Great Plains , much of the upper Missouri river basin, and the eastern portions of the northern Rocky Mountains . Thereafter, the Nebraska Territory was gradually reduced in size through the creation of new territories in the 1860s.
The Colorado Territory was formed on February 28, 1861, from parts of the territory south of 41 ° N and west of 102 ° 03 'W (25 ° W of Washington, DC ), an area that includes current Fort Collins , Greeley and the north the baseline Road located parts of Boulder includes created.
On March 2, 1861, the Dakota Territory was created. It emerged from the part of present-day Nebraska located between 43 ° N and the Keya Paha River and Niobrara River (this area was returned to Nebraska in 1882) and the parts of the north of 43 ° N (the current border between Nebraska and South Dakota) Nebraska Territory created. By law, the Dakota Territory was granted to parts of Nebraska as well as small parts of the Utah Territory and the Washington Territory . The boundaries were 41 ° N, 110 ° 03 'W (33 ° W of Washington, DC), 43 ° N and the continental divide. These areas were never the subject of the Louisiana Purchase, rather they belonged to the Oregon Country and became part of the United States in 1846.
On March 3, 1863, the Idaho Territory was created from all parts west of 104 ° 03 'W (27 ° W of Washington, DC).
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ David Bristow: A Dirty, Wicked Town. Tales of 19th Century Omaha. Caxton Press, Caldwell ID 2000, ISBN 0-87004-398-6 .
- ↑ (n. D.) World Almanac for Kids: Nebraska: Education .