Nebrodi fir

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nebrodi fir
Abies nebrodensis, blooming

Abies nebrodensis, blooming

Systematics
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Pine family (Pinaceae)
Subfamily : Abietoideae
Genre : Firs ( Abies )
Section : Abies
Type : Nebrodi fir
Scientific name
Abies nebrodensis
( Lojac. ) Mattei

The Nebrodi fir ( Abies nebrodensis ), also Nebroden fir or Sicilian fir mentioned, is a plant species in the genus of fir ( Abies ) in the family of Pinaceae (Pinaceae). It occurs only in the north of the island of Sicily .

description

Vegetative characteristics

The Nebrodi fir grows as a small, evergreen tree that can reach heights of 8 to 15 meters and diameters of up to one meter at chest height . The treetop grows broad and rounded to slightly flattened. The cracked and scaly bark is orange in color. The bark of the branches is gray-green to yellowish and only rarely has brownish hairs.

The 7 to 9 millimeters large, oval-conical buds are reddish brown in color and sometimes covered by a thin layer of resin . The two-line, horizontal needles on the branches are stiff, 1.2 to 2 centimeters long and 2 to 2.5 millimeters wide. They are glossy dark green on the top and blue-green on the underside. The needle tip can be rounded or notched. There are nine to twelve stomatal strips on the underside of the needle .

Generative characteristics

The pollen grains have a diameter of around 85 micrometers. The dark brown cones are cylindrical with a length of 13 to 20 centimeters and a diameter of around 4 centimeters. The cone tip is rounded. The seeds are around 7 millimeters long.

gallery

  • Nebrodi firs (Abies nebrodensis)

  • branch

  • male inflorescences

  • Cones

  • Largest specimen in Europe in Sanssouci Park , Potsdam

Occurrence

The Nebrodi fir is only found on the island of Sicily . Today there is only one deposit left on Monte Scalone in Monti Madonie . This covers around 1.5 square kilometers. Their original distribution area also included the area around Polizzi Generosa as well as Monte Cervo and Monte Polizzo . The species did not occur on the Monti Nebrodi . At the time of Michele Lojaconos (1853-1919), the eponymous author, the Nebroden was also understood to mean the area of ​​the Madonie .

The Nebrodi fir occurs at altitudes of 1400 to 2000 meters. Among other things, dry slopes are settled. Most of the soils were made of limestone.

Systematics and taxonomy

The Nebrodi fir is assigned to the Abies section within the genus of firs ( Abies ) .

The species was first described in 1844 by Giovanni Gussone as Abies pectinata in his "Florae Siculae Synopsis", vol. 2, p. 614. This name was given to the spruce ( Picea abies ) as early as 1792 by Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert . Michele Lojacono classified the Sicilian fir in 1904 as a variety, as Abies pectinata var. Nebrodensis in Fl. Sicul. 2 (2), p. 409 a. Only Giovanni Ettore Mattei then gave way in 1908 to currently valid name.

Synonyms for Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei are Abies alba subsp. nebrodensis (Lojac.) Nitz. , Abies alba var. Nebrodensis (Lojac.) Svoboda , Abies pectinata Guss. non Gilib. and Abies pectinata var. nebrodensis Lojac.

Hazard and protection

The Nebrodi fir is listed on the IUCN Red List as "critically endangered". The main endangerment factors are the small population size of 30 trees as well as the small area of ​​distribution and the susceptibility to forest fires.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Abies nebrodensis. In: The Gymnosperm Database. January 22, 2011, accessed November 4, 2011 .
  2. ↑ a b c Abies nebrodensis in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Posted by: Thomas, P., 2009. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  3. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Abies nebrodensis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 3, 2019.

Web links

Commons : Nebrodi Fir  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files