Panoria necropolis
The necropolis of Panoria ( Spanish Necrópolis megalítica de Panoría ) is located at the foot of the eponymous hill, at the easternmost end of the Sierra Arana, about 5.0 km north of the village of Darro in the province of Granada in Spain . It is one of the most important dolmen concentrations on the Iberian Peninsula . It is the westernmost necropolis in the region, which connects the megaliths of Fonelas , Gorafe , Huélago, Laborcillas and Pedro Martinez in the river basin of the Río Fardes .
Discovered in 2012, the necropolis consists of at least 19 dolmens , five of which were examined in 2015. Essentially, they are polygonal or rectangular chambers made of large stone slabs, accessible through short and narrow corridors. The dolmens are partially sunk into the ground so that only the upper halves protrude. Originally they were covered by burial mounds following the usual pattern. All stone slabs are made of red dolomite limestone known as Ammonitico Rosso, which is found around the necropolis.
Three excavated megalithic systems are based on the sunrise at the equinox. This is in line with unexcavated sites, the superficial evidence of which allows an approximation of their orientation and other necropolises in the region. Only plant 6 shows an anomalous west-east orientation.
The excavations showed that these are collective graves, in which most of the human remains were not in the anatomical association. In connection with the remains, grave goods such as flint knives , ceramic vessels , shells and arrowheads were recovered. According to the anthropological study, at least 28 people of both sexes and all age groups were deposited. In particular, osteoarthritis of the degenerative type, which occurs mainly in the upper extremities, was among the diseases recognized in the skeletons .
- Panoria necropolis
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Appendix 10
Rosso Ammonitico
Using the radiocarbon method , 19 men and women from the five excavated megalithic structures were dated. The analysis showed that it was used during the construction period, that it was subsequently used and that the necropolis was abandoned. The first landfills took place between 3525 and 3195 BC. And the last between 2125 and 1980 BC BC, so that the necropolis was used for at least 1055 and a maximum of 1410 years. This makes Panoría the most durable ritual place in the province of Granada.
The dolmens were not built at the same time. They show chronological differences of centuries. The useful life also differs. Some dolmens were used for a few decades, not more than two generations. In other centuries, after a long period of inactivity, renewed use was documented. The diversity leads to an enormous heterogeneity and complexity in this necropolis.
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References & comments
- ^ Ammonitico rosso, red, bulbous cephalopod limestone series of the Lias and Malm; also used for other red, mainly Jurassic, cephalopod limestones of the Mediterranean region
Coordinates: 37 ° 21 '57 " N , 3 ° 17' 50" W.