New year studs
New Year was a tunnel in the Johanngeorgenstadt mountain area in the Saxon Ore Mountains .
location
On the middle Fastenberg , on which Johanngeorgenstadt extends, several pits were operated in the 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th centuries for the extraction of directly adjacent ore veins . This also included the New Year mine, which was proposed as early as December 28, 1658, four years after Johanngeorgenstadt was founded at the Eibenstock Mining Authority . It was the first mine to be found in the district and delivered 10 marks and 11 lots (approx. 2.5 kg) of silver in the Reminiscere in 1662 from the archangel Michael Spat .
Johann Christian Engelschall wrote about the beginnings of the tunnel : “When, in 1658, the often thought Hammerwercks owner, Caspar Wittich , had a cellar break out down at the Fastenberg near his smithy, and the work had barely started, put in a piece of mountain and exposed one beautiful hermaphrodite, which he expected in Eybenstock, and because the new year was at the door, also with these names, that it was supposed to be called the new year, whereupon a number of considerable items of tin were melted in brief. "
The mine field was made accessible by the New Year's tunnel, which is 691.24 m above sea level . The Einigkeiter-Erbstolln , which was struck in 1679 at 670 m above sea level, served for deeper drainage . Two art shafts were sunk on the Neujahr-Stolln for deeper development of the mine field. The front artificial shaft with a depth of 65 m was sunk in 1662 and abandoned before 1760. The Hinterer Neujahrer Kunstschacht reached a depth of 100 m. In 1783 the mine was merged with the Georg-Wagsfort-Fundgrube . As part of the Orcus civil engineering project , the Rear New Years Art Shaft was brought to its final depth of 228.75 m by 1800. Until 1802, connecting crosscuts to the Frisch Glück mine field were driven on the 78-Lachter route and on the 95-Lachter route . The civil engineering project was abandoned in 1807. In 1828 the mine was merged with the Frisch-Glück-Fundgrube . In 1838 the mine was merged with other pits to form the United Field in Fastenberge . However, the mine field played no role in the next few decades. In the context of the search for uranium ores for uranium dye production, the Hintere Neujahrer Kunstschacht up to the 53-Lachter route (100 m) was cleared in 1914 . Although uranium ores were found, there was no mining and the mine field was abandoned. With the acquisition of mining concessions by the object 01 of the bismuth AG in 1946 and this mining area were aufgewältigt. The Hintere Neujahrer Kunstschacht was expanded to become the main shaft under shaft number 31 . The mine field was opened up over a large area with many corridors, field stretches and cross passages. In the field, the blind shaft 157 bis was also the deepest shaft of the deposit. The New Year adit became one of the main drainage tunnels during the mining period of Wismut AG. The Neujahr district was in operation until the end of uranium mining in 1958.
Although Neujahrs Zechenhaus and the neighboring Neujahrs Pochhaus were outside Johanngeorgenstadt, both buildings were counted as No. 8 and No. 9 in the city and their residents had to pay personal tax there. For example, the colliery house was inhabited in 1800 by Steiger Johann Gottfried Bergert and the Pochhaus by hat man Gottlieb Friedrich Hermann, both of whom paid three guilders each year to the city treasury.
The Stollnmundloch was immediately behind today's Wittigsthaler Hof .
literature
- Otfried Wagenbreth et al .: Mining in the Ore Mountains. Technical monuments and history . Ed .: Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler . 1st edition. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1990, ISBN 3-342-00509-2 , p. 293 .
- Frank Teller : Mining and mining town Johanngeorgenstadt . Förderverein Pferdegöpel Johanngeorgenstadt eV, Johanngeorgenstadt 2001.
- Frank Teller: change, change, change . Förderverein Pferdegöpel Johanngeorgenstadt eV, Johanngeorgenstadt 2009.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Christian Engelschall: Chronicle of Johanngeorgenstadt. Leipzig 1723, p. 154 f.
Coordinates: 50 ° 25 ′ 47 " N , 12 ° 43 ′ 52.8" E